Channing Division of Network Medicine.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
J Nutr. 2018 Jun 1;148(6):944-951. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy058.
Specific nutrients have been associated with hearing status, but associations between healthful dietary patterns and risk of hearing loss have not been prospectively evaluated.
We sought to prospectively examine the relations between adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean diet (AMED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and risk of hearing loss.
We conducted a longitudinal cohort study (1991-2013) of 81,818 women in the Nurses' Health Study II, aged 27-44 y at baseline. We assessed diet every 4 y with the use of food frequency questionnaires and calculated AMED, DASH, and AHEI-2010 adherence scores. Baseline and updated information from validated biennial questionnaires was used in Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine independent associations between adherence scores and risk of self-reported moderate or worse hearing loss.
During >1 million person-years of follow-up, 2306 cases of moderate or worse hearing loss were reported. Higher cumulative average AMED and DASH scores were significantly inversely associated with risk of hearing loss. For women with scores in the highest compared with the lowest quintile, the multivariable-adjusted relative risks (MVRRs) of hearing loss were 0.70 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.82) (P-trend <0.001) for AMED and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.83) (P-trend <0.001) for DASH. Higher recent AHEI-2010 score was also associated with lower risk [MVRR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.91); P-trend <0.001]. Among participants with additional hearing-related information (n = 33,102), higher cumulative average adherence scores for all 3 dietary patterns were associated with lower risk; the MVRR was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.81) for AMED, 0.64 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.83) for DASH, and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.89) for AHEI-2010.
Adherence to healthful dietary patterns is associated with lower risk of hearing loss in women. Consuming a healthy diet may be helpful in reducing the risk of acquired hearing loss.
特定的营养素与听力状况有关，但健康饮食模式与听力损失风险之间的关联尚未得到前瞻性评估。
我们旨在前瞻性研究替代地中海饮食（AMED）、停止高血压的饮食方法（DASH）和替代健康饮食指数-2010（AHEI-2010）与听力损失风险之间的关系。
我们进行了一项纵向队列研究（1991-2013 年），参与者为护士健康研究 II 中的 81818 名年龄在 27-44 岁的女性。我们每 4 年使用食物频率问卷评估一次饮食，并计算 AMED、DASH 和 AHEI-2010 的依从性评分。使用经过验证的每两年一次的问卷中的基线和更新信息，在 Cox 比例风险回归模型中检查依从性评分与自我报告的中度或更严重听力损失风险之间的独立关联。
在超过 100 万人年的随访期间，报告了 2306 例中度或更严重的听力损失病例。较高的累积平均 AMED 和 DASH 得分与听力损失风险呈显著负相关。对于得分处于最高五分位与最低五分位的女性，听力损失的多变量调整后的相对风险（MVRR）分别为 0.70（95%CI：0.60，0.82）（P<0.001）（趋势 P<0.001）。较高的最近 AHEI-2010 评分也与较低的风险相关[MVRR=0.79（95%CI：0.69，0.91）（趋势 P<0.001）]。在有额外听力相关信息的参与者中（n=33102），所有 3 种饮食模式的累积平均依从性评分较高与较低的风险相关；MVRR 为 0.63（95%CI：0.49，0.81）（趋势 P<0.001）。对于 AMED，为 0.64（95%CI：0.50，0.83），对于 DASH，为 0.71（95%CI：0.56，0.89）。
女性健康饮食模式的依从性与听力损失风险降低有关。食用健康饮食可能有助于降低获得性听力损失的风险。
