Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Psychiatr Res. 2018 Aug;103:18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.05.003. Epub 2018 May 7.
Depression and body mass index (BMI) are known to be associated with body image, however, their independent or joint effects on body image in adults are largely unknown. Therefore, we studied associations of depression diagnosis, severity, and BMI with perceptual body size (PBS) and body image dissatisfaction (BID). Cross-sectional data from 882 remitted depressed patients, 242 currently depressed patients and 325 healthy controls from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were used. Depressive disorders (DSM-IV based psychiatric interview), standardized self-reported depressive symptoms (Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology) and BMI were separately and simultaneously related to body image (the Stunkard Figure Rating scale) using linear regression analyses. Thereafter, interaction between depression and BMI was investigated. Analyses were adjusted for demographic and health variables. Higher BMI was associated with larger PBS (B = 1.13, p < .001) and with more BID (B = 0.61, p < .001). Independent of this, depression severity contributed to larger PBS (B = 0.07, p < .001), and both current (B = 0.21, p = .001) and remitted depression diagnosis (B = 0.12, p = .01) as well as depression severity (B = 0.11, p < .001) contributed to BID. There was no interaction effect between BMI and depression in predicting PBS and BID. In general, depression (current, remitted and severity) and higher BMI contribute independently to a larger body size perception as well as higher body image dissatisfaction. Efforts in treatment should be made to reduce body dissatisfaction in those suffering from depression and/or a high BMI, as BID can have long-lasting health consequences, such as development of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and an unhealthy lifestyle.
抑郁症和体重指数（BMI）已知与身体形象有关，但它们对成年人身体形象的独立或联合影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。因此，我们研究了抑郁症诊断、严重程度和 BMI 与感知身体大小（PBS）和身体形象不满（BID）的关联。使用来自荷兰抑郁和焦虑研究的 882 名缓解期抑郁患者、242 名现患抑郁患者和 325 名健康对照者的横断面数据。使用线性回归分析分别和同时将抑郁障碍（基于 DSM-IV 的精神病学访谈）、标准化的自评抑郁症状（抑郁症状清单）和 BMI 与身体形象（斯塔克德体型评分量表）相关联。然后，研究了抑郁和 BMI 之间的相互作用。分析调整了人口统计学和健康变量。较高的 BMI 与较大的 PBS（B=1.13，p<0.001）和更多的 BID（B=0.61，p<0.001）相关。除此之外，抑郁严重程度与较大的 PBS 有关（B=0.07，p<0.001），目前（B=0.21，p=0.001）和缓解期抑郁诊断（B=0.12，p=0.01）以及抑郁严重程度（B=0.11，p<0.001）与 BID 有关。BMI 和抑郁在预测 PBS 和 BID 方面没有交互作用。一般来说，抑郁（现患、缓解和严重程度）和较高的 BMI 独立地导致更大的身体大小感知以及更高的身体形象不满。在治疗中应努力减少患有抑郁症和/或高 BMI 的人的身体不满，因为 BID 会对健康产生长期影响，例如发展厌食症和贪食症以及不健康的生活方式。
