König Lars, Schröder Rebekka, Hamer Tim, Suhr Ralf
Stiftung Gesundheitswissen, Berlin, Germany.
Institut für Medizinische Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaft, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 16;15:1464651. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1464651. eCollection 2024.
Eating disorders are associated with substantial burden for the affected individuals including negative health outcomes and increased mortality. So far, prevention programs for eating disorders have yielded mixed results concerning their efficacy. Therefore, more targeted prevention programs need to be developed. Health literacy has been identified as a potential influencing factor of eating disorders. This study aimed at exploring the relationship between likely cases of eating disorders and health literacy, alongside additional sociodemographic factors.
Two large samples of adults ( = 3,011) and adolescents ( = 1,021) representative of the German-speaking population in Germany were recruited. Likely cases of eating disorders were identified using the SCOFF questionnaire. Health literacy was assessed with the HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, social status and level of education, and subjective body image were obtained. χ-tests of independence were calculated to determine the association between the investigated constructs.
Suspected eating disorders were more likely in female than male adolescents but were not related to gender in adults. Rates of suspected eating disorders increased with increasing age in adolescents and decreased with increasing age in adults. While levels of education were unrelated to suspected eating disorders, low social status was associated with higher rates of suspected eating disorders in adults but not adolescents. Inadequate or problematic health literacy and negative body image were associated with higher rates of suspected eating disorders compared to adequate health literacy and more positive body image.
Likely cases of eating disorders are related to health literacy and body image as well as sociodemographic factors. These constructs should therefore be addressed in future research to improve prevention programs.
饮食失调给受影响的个体带来了沉重负担，包括负面的健康后果和死亡率上升。到目前为止，饮食失调预防项目的效果参差不齐。因此，需要制定更有针对性的预防项目。健康素养已被确定为饮食失调的一个潜在影响因素。本研究旨在探讨饮食失调疑似病例与健康素养以及其他社会人口学因素之间的关系。
招募了代表德国德语区人口的两个大样本成年人（n = 3011）和青少年（n = 1021）。使用SCOFF问卷识别饮食失调疑似病例。用HLS-EU-Q16问卷评估健康素养。获取了包括年龄、性别、社会地位和教育程度在内的社会人口学信息以及主观身体形象。计算独立性χ检验以确定所研究变量之间的关联。
青少年中，女性比男性更易出现饮食失调疑似病例，但在成年人中与性别无关。青少年中饮食失调疑似病例的发生率随年龄增长而增加，而成年人中则随年龄增长而降低。虽然教育程度与饮食失调疑似病例无关，但低社会地位与成年人中较高的饮食失调疑似病例发生率相关，而在青少年中则不然。与具备足够健康素养和更积极身体形象相比，健康素养不足或存在问题以及负面身体形象与较高的饮食失调疑似病例发生率相关。
饮食失调疑似病例与健康素养、身体形象以及社会人口学因素有关。因此，在未来研究中应关注这些变量，以改进预防项目。
