Kaur Gurleen, Cai Chuanxi
Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Stem Cells Int. 2018 Mar 29;2018:9308301. doi: 10.1155/2018/9308301. eCollection 2018.
Ischemic heart disease affects a majority of people, especially elderly patients. Recent studies have utilized autologous adult stem/progenitor cells as a treatment option to heal cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction. However, donor cells from aging patients are more likely to be in a senescent stage. Rejuvenation is required to reverse the damage levied by aging and promote a youthful phenotype. This review aims to discuss current strategies that are effective in rejuvenating aging cardiac stem cells and represent novel therapeutic methods to treat the aging heart. Recent literature mainly focuses on three approaches that aim to reverse cardiac aging: genetic modification, pharmaceutical administration, and optimization of extracellular factors. genetic modification can be used to overexpress or knock down certain genes and allow for reversal of the aging phenotype. Pharmaceutical administration is another approach that allows for manipulation of signaling pathways related to cell proliferation and cell senescence. Since the stem cell niche can contribute to the age-related decline in stem cell function, rejuvenation strategies also include optimization of extracellular factors. Overall, improving the intrinsic properties of aging stem cells as well as the surrounding environment allows these cells to adopt a phenotype similar to their younger counterparts.
缺血性心脏病影响着大多数人，尤其是老年患者。最近的研究已将自体成体干细胞/祖细胞用作心肌梗死后修复心脏组织的一种治疗选择。然而，老年患者的供体细胞更可能处于衰老阶段。需要进行细胞年轻化以逆转衰老造成的损害并促进年轻化表型。本综述旨在讨论目前有效使衰老心脏干细胞年轻化的策略，并代表治疗衰老心脏的新型治疗方法。最近的文献主要集中在旨在逆转心脏衰老的三种方法：基因修饰、药物给药和细胞外因子优化。基因修饰可用于过表达或敲低某些基因，并使衰老表型得以逆转。药物给药是另一种允许操纵与细胞增殖和细胞衰老相关的信号通路的方法。由于干细胞生态位可导致干细胞功能随年龄下降，年轻化策略还包括细胞外因子优化。总体而言，改善衰老干细胞的内在特性以及周围环境可使这些细胞呈现出与其年轻对应细胞相似的表型。
