Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Exp Gerontol. 2018 Sep;110:35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.05.008. Epub 2018 May 12.
To evaluate modifiable, lifestyle risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults, across ageing, in the Mediterranean area.
During 2005-2017, 3131 individuals from 26 Mediterranean islands of 5 countries, ≥65 years of age, were voluntarily enrolled. Anthropometrical, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters were measured through standard procedures. Analyses were performed by year and across consecutive age groups of the participants.
A decrease in the prevalence of current smoking (p < 0.001), engagement in physical activities (p = 0.001) and participation in social events (p = 0.001) for every year increase in age was found. Moderate alcohol drinking increased through ageing (p = 0.008), whereas adherence to Mediterranean diet remained stable, but adequate (p = 0.90). Trend analysis also revealed that a quadratic (U-shape) function better characterized the association between ageing and total cardiometabolic risk factors burden (p for trend <0.001).
The gaps in the understanding of factors affecting longevity and healthy ageing remain; public health authorities and stakeholders should focus on the lifestyle determinants of healthy ageing, that seems to be an effective mean for improving older peoples' health.
为了评估地中海地区老年人心血管疾病（CVD）的可改变的生活方式风险因素，跨越衰老。
在 2005 年至 2017 年期间，来自 5 个国家的 26 个地中海岛屿的 3131 名年龄≥65 岁的个体自愿参加了研究。通过标准程序测量了人体测量、临床和社会人口统计学特征、饮食习惯、生活方式参数。按年份和参与者的连续年龄组进行分析。
发现随着年龄的增加，当前吸烟（p<0.001）、身体活动（p=0.001）和社会活动参与（p=0.001）的患病率下降。适度饮酒随着年龄的增长而增加（p=0.008），而地中海饮食的依从性保持稳定，但足够（p=0.90）。趋势分析还表明，老化与总心血管代谢危险因素负担之间的关联更适合采用二次（U 形）函数来描述（p<0.001）。
对影响长寿和健康衰老的因素的理解仍存在差距；公共卫生当局和利益相关者应关注健康衰老的生活方式决定因素，这似乎是改善老年人健康的有效手段。
