Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Cytokine. 2018 Oct;110:181-188. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 12.
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 are viewed mainly as anti-inflammatory cytokines. Yet, high concentrations have also been associated with inflammation-related diseases in newborns.
We measured the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10, as well as IL-8 and ICAM-1 in blood specimens collected on postnatal day 21 (N = 555), day 28 (N = 521), and both days 21 and 28 (N = 449) from children born extremely preterm (EP) (<28 weeks gestation) who at age 10 years had a DAS-II IQ Z-score > -2 (which approximates a score of >70) and the following assessments, CCC-2, and CSI-4, DAS-II, NEPSY-II, OWLS-II, SCQ, and WIAT-III. Selected children also were assessed with the ADI-R and the ADOS-2. We modeled the risk of low scores or dysfunctions associated with top quartile concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 on each day and on both days.
The risks of low scores on the Animal Sorting and Arrows components of the NEPSY-II, both components of the OWLS-II, and the PseudoWord and Spelling components of the WIAT-III were heightened among children who had top quartile concentrations of IL-4 on postnatal days 21 and 28. Children who had high concentrations of IL-10 on days 21 and 28, individually and collectively, were at increased risk of low scores on the WIAT-III Spelling component. High concentrations of IL-4 on day 28 were associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). High concentrations of IL-10 on day 28 were also associated with a doubling of ASD risk, but this did not achieve statistical significance. Top quartile concentrations of IL-4 and IL10 on both days were not associated with increased risk of social, language, or behavioral dysfunctions.
Among children born EP, those who had top quartile concentrations of IL-4 and/or IL-10 on postnatal days 21 and/or 28 were more likely than their peers to have low scores on components of the NEPSY-II, OWLS-II, and WIAT-III assessments, as well as identification as having an ASD. What is known: What is not known: What this study adds.
白细胞介素 (IL)-4 和 IL-10 主要被视为抗炎细胞因子。然而，高浓度也与新生儿的炎症相关疾病有关。
我们测量了出生极早早产（<28 周妊娠）的儿童在出生后第 21 天（N=555）、第 28 天（N=521）以及第 21 天和第 28 天（N=449）采集的血液样本中 IL-4 和 IL-10 以及 IL-8 和 ICAM-1 的浓度。这些儿童在 10 岁时的 DAS-II IQ Z 分数> -2（近似于>70 分），并且进行了以下评估：CCC-2、CSI-4、DAS-II、NEPSY-II、OWLS-II、SCQ 和 WIAT-III。选择的儿童还接受了 ADI-R 和 ADOS-2 评估。我们模拟了 IL-4 和 IL-10 最高四分位数浓度与第 21 天和第 28 天以及每天的低分数或功能障碍相关的风险。
在 NEPSY-II 的动物分类和箭头成分以及 OWLS-II 的两个成分以及 WIAT-III 的伪词和拼写成分中，IL-4 最高四分位数浓度的儿童的得分较低的风险增加；IL-10 浓度高的儿童在第 21 天和第 28 天，单独和集体，在 WIAT-III 的拼写成分上的得分较低的风险增加。第 28 天高浓度的 IL-4 与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）有关。第 28 天高浓度的 IL-10 也与 ASD 风险增加一倍有关，但这并未达到统计学意义。第 21 天和第 28 天 IL-4 和 IL10 的最高四分位数浓度与社交、语言或行为功能障碍的风险增加无关。
在出生极早早产的儿童中，那些在出生后第 21 天和/或第 28 天 IL-4 和/或 IL-10 最高四分位数浓度的儿童比同龄人更有可能在 NEPSY-II、OWLS-II 和 WIAT-III 评估的成分中得分较低，并且被认定为患有 ASD。已知：未知：本研究添加。
