Li Yinghui, Wei Hongkui, Li Fengna, Chen Shuai, Duan Yehui, Guo Qiuping, Liu Yingying, Yin Yulong
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
Anim Nutr. 2016 Mar;2(1):24-32. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Feb 27.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplemented in protein-restricted diets on the growth performance and the expression profile of amino acid transporters and energy metabolism related regulators in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of different regional depots including dorsal subcutaneous adipose (DSA) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose (ASA). A total of 24 crossbred barrows (7.40 ± 0.70 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups and were fed the following isocaloric diets for 33 days: 1) a recommended adequate protein diet (AP, 20% CP, as a positive control); 2) a low protein diet (LP, 17% CP); 3) the LP diet supplemented with BCAA (LP + B, 17% CP) to reach the same level of the AP diet group; 4) the LP diet supplemented with 2 times the amount of BCAA (LP + 2B, 17% CP). The daily gain and daily feed intake of the LP diet group were the lowest among all the treatments ( < 0.01). The feed conversion was improved markedly in the group of LP + B compared with the LP diet group ( < 0.05). No significant difference was noted for the serum biochemical parameter concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, nonesterified fatty acid and insulin among the groups ( > 0.05). Moreover, BCAA supplementation down-regulated the expression levels of amino acid transporters including L-type amino acid transporter 1 and sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 in DSA, but up-regulated the expression level of L-type amino acid transporter 4 in ASA ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase α was activated in the DSA of pigs fed LP diet and in the ASA of the pigs fed AP or LP + 2B diets ( < 0.05). The mRNA expression profile of the selected mitochondrial component and mitochondrial biogenesis associated regulators in DSA and ASA also responded differently to dietary BCAA supplementation. These results suggested that the growth performance of growing pigs fed protein restricted diets supplemented with BCAA could catch up to that of the pigs fed AP diets. The results also partly demonstrated that the regulation mechanisms of BCAA are different in the adipose tissues of different depots.
本实验旨在研究在蛋白质限制日粮中添加支链氨基酸（BCAA）对不同区域脂肪库（包括背部皮下脂肪（DSA）和腹部皮下脂肪（ASA））白色脂肪组织（WAT）中生长性能、氨基酸转运蛋白表达谱以及能量代谢相关调节因子的影响。将总共24头杂交公猪（7.40±0.70千克）随机分为4组，并给予以下等热量日粮，为期33天：1）推荐的充足蛋白质日粮（AP，20%粗蛋白，作为阳性对照）；2）低蛋白日粮（LP，17%粗蛋白）；3）添加BCAA的LP日粮（LP+B，17%粗蛋白），使其达到与AP日粮组相同的水平；4）添加两倍量BCAA的LP日粮（LP+2B，17%粗蛋白）。LP日粮组的日增重和日采食量在所有处理中最低（P<0.01）。与LP日粮组相比，LP+B组的饲料转化率显著提高（P<0.05）。各组间血清生化参数葡萄糖、甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸和胰岛素的浓度无显著差异（P>0.05）。此外，添加BCAA下调了DSA中包括L型氨基酸转运蛋白1和钠偶联中性氨基酸转运蛋白2在内的氨基酸转运蛋白的表达水平，但上调了ASA中L型氨基酸转运蛋白4的表达水平（P<0.05）。同时，能量传感器AMP激活蛋白激酶α在饲喂LP日粮的猪的DSA以及饲喂AP或LP+2B日粮的猪的ASA中被激活（P<0.05）。DSA和ASA中所选线粒体成分和线粒体生物发生相关调节因子的mRNA表达谱对日粮BCAA添加的反应也不同。这些结果表明，在蛋白质限制日粮中添加BCAA的生长猪的生长性能可以赶上饲喂AP日粮的猪。结果还部分证明了BCAA在不同脂肪库的脂肪组织中的调节机制不同。
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