Liu Jing, Yu Kaifan, Zhu Weiyun
Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Anim Nutr. 2016 Jun;2(2):69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Apr 1.
Animal gastrointestinal tract is not only a digestive organ, but also a nutrient sensing organ which detects luminal nutrient and thus can regulate food intake. There are many amino acid sensing receptors and transporters in the gut. Amino acids sensing by these receptors and transporters can stimulate the intestinal endocrine cells to release a variety of gut hormones. These hormones trigger a series of physiological effects via the nerve system. This review summarized the recent advance on the amino acid sensing receptors and transporters in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut hormones released from the intestinal endocrine cells and the hormones-induced signal transduction between the gut and brain. A better understanding of these processes may help to gain further insight into the specific role of amino acids in digestion and provide guidelines in developing strategy for the better use of amino acids in the diet.
动物胃肠道不仅是一个消化器官，也是一个营养感知器官，它能检测肠腔内的营养物质，从而调节食物摄入。肠道中有许多氨基酸感应受体和转运蛋白。这些受体和转运蛋白对氨基酸的感应可刺激肠道内分泌细胞释放多种肠道激素。这些激素通过神经系统引发一系列生理效应。本文综述了胃肠道中氨基酸感应受体和转运蛋白、肠道内分泌细胞释放的肠道激素以及激素诱导的肠脑信号转导的最新研究进展。更好地了解这些过程可能有助于进一步深入了解氨基酸在消化中的具体作用，并为制定更好地利用饮食中氨基酸的策略提供指导。
