加拿大原住民群体中的食源性和水源性疾病：一项范围综述。
Foodborne and waterborne illness among Canadian Indigenous populations: A scoping review.
作者信息
Jung Jkh, Skinner K
机构信息
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON.
出版信息
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2017 Jan 5;43(1):7-13. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v43i01a02.
BACKGROUND
Indigenous populations are often at higher risk for foodborne illness than the general Canadian population.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the extent of the literature on the link between food safety and the occurrence of foodborne and waterborne illness in Canadian Indigenous populations.
METHODS
A scoping review was conducted using search strings in five databases and grey literature to identify all papers that studied a Canadian Indigenous population and referred to any potential associations between food safety (including consumption and preparation of traditional foods and retail foods) or water safety practices and food or waterborne illness. Two authors screened papers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included documents were analyzed for emergent themes.
RESULTS
From 1,718 unique records identified, 21 documents were selected. Foodborne illness was most common in children up to 14 years old. Walrus, seal, caribou and whale were the most common traditional foods tied to foodborne illness and were primarily associated with botulism and trichinosis. Aside from consuming the food raw, fermentation was the most common traditional preparation method linked to foodborne illness. There was concern about the safety of retail food but no clear link was identified with foodborne illness. Lastly, although there was concern about tap water, the use of alternate water sources, such as untreated brook water, and hygiene and cleaning practices in communities with boil water advisories were the most common risk behaviours associated with waterborne illness.
CONCLUSION
Consumption of certain game meats, as well as the use of traditional fermentation practices may lead to an increased risk of foodborne illness among Indigenous populations. Concern about tap water may lead to use of unsafe alternate water sources. Further research is needed to examine potential culturally appropriate food and water safety opportunities.
背景
与加拿大普通人群相比，原住民群体通常面临更高的食源性疾病风险。
目的
调查关于加拿大原住民群体食品安全与食源性和水源性疾病发生之间联系的文献范围。
方法
使用五个数据库中的检索词和灰色文献进行范围综述，以识别所有研究加拿大原住民群体并提及食品安全（包括传统食品和零售食品的消费与制备）或水安全实践与食源性或水源性疾病之间任何潜在关联的论文。两位作者根据纳入和排除标准筛选论文。对纳入的文献进行主题分析。
结果
从识别出的1718条独特记录中，选取了21篇文献。食源性疾病在14岁以下儿童中最为常见。海象、海豹、驯鹿和鲸鱼是与食源性疾病相关的最常见传统食品，主要与肉毒中毒和旋毛虫病有关。除了生食外，发酵是与食源性疾病相关的最常见传统制备方法。人们对零售食品的安全性表示担忧，但未发现与食源性疾病有明确联系。最后，尽管人们对自来水表示担忧，但使用未经处理的溪水等替代水源，以及在发布开水饮用建议的社区中的卫生和清洁做法是与水源性疾病相关的最常见风险行为。
结论
食用某些野味肉类以及采用传统发酵做法可能会增加原住民群体中食源性疾病的风险。对自来水的担忧可能导致使用不安全的替代水源。需要进一步研究以探讨潜在的符合文化习惯的食品和水安全机会。
Zotero 插件