Choudhri Y, Miller J, Sandhu J, Leon A, Aho J
Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2018 Feb 1;44(2):43-48. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v44i02a02.
Syphilis is the third most commonly reported notifiable sexually transmitted infection (STI) in Canada, following chlamydia and gonorrhea, respectively. Rates of this STI have been rising rapidly in Canada since 2001.
To summarize trends observed in syphilis rates for 2010 to 2015 in Canada.
Laboratory-confirmed cases of infectious syphilis and early congenital syphilis were reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada by all of the Canadian provinces and territories. National infectious syphilis rates were computed, as were rates per sex, age group and province/territory. Rates of congenital syphilis were also calculated.
From 2010 to 2015, the rate of infectious syphilis in Canada increased by 85.6%, from 5.0 to 9.3 cases per 100,000 population. In 2015, a total of 3,321 cases of infectious syphilis were reported, mainly in males (93.7%), among whom the rate was 17.5 cases per 100,000 males versus 1.2 per 100,000 females. The rate also rose faster among males in 2010-2015, a 90.2% increase versus 27.8% among females. Individuals aged 20-39 years had the highest rates. Across the provinces and territories, the highest rates of infectious syphilis were in Nunavut, British Columbia and Manitoba. The rate of congenital syphilis decreased from 2010 to 2014 (1.6 to 0.3 cases per 100,000 live births) before increasing to 1.5 cases per 100,000 live births in 2015, which corresponds to six reported cases.
Rates of syphilis continue to rise in Canada, especially among young men, and this is consistent with trends in the United States of America and European Union. Based on data from Canada and from these regions, the sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men (MSM) is thought to be a major risk factor for syphilis.
梅毒是加拿大第三大最常报告的法定性传播感染（STI），仅次于衣原体感染和淋病。自2001年以来，这种性传播感染在加拿大的发病率一直在迅速上升。
总结2010年至2015年加拿大梅毒发病率的观察趋势。
加拿大所有省份和地区都向加拿大公共卫生局报告了实验室确诊的感染性梅毒和早期先天性梅毒病例。计算了全国感染性梅毒发病率以及按性别、年龄组和省份/地区划分的发病率。还计算了先天性梅毒发病率。
2010年至2015年，加拿大感染性梅毒发病率上升了85.6%，从每10万人5.0例增至9.3例。2015年，共报告了3321例感染性梅毒病例，主要为男性（93.7%），其中男性发病率为每10万男性17.5例，女性为每10万女性1.2例。2010 - 2015年期间男性发病率上升也更快，男性上升了90.2%，而女性为27.8%。20至39岁的人群发病率最高。在各省份和地区中，感染性梅毒发病率最高的是努纳武特地区、不列颠哥伦比亚省和曼尼托巴省。先天性梅毒发病率在2010年至2014年期间有所下降（从每10万活产1.6例降至0.3例），然后在2015年增至每10万活产1.5例，相当于报告了6例病例。
加拿大梅毒发病率持续上升，尤其是在年轻男性中，这与美国和欧盟的趋势一致。根据加拿大和这些地区的数据，男男性行为者（MSM）的性行为被认为是梅毒的主要危险因素。
