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接种第三剂风疹疫苗后的反应。

Response to third rubella vaccine dose.

机构信息

a Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) , Oslo , Norway.

b European Program for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC) , Stockholm , Sweden.

出版信息

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(10):2472-2477. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1475814. Epub 2018 Jun 21.

Abstract

Limited data exist on the immunogenicity of a third dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR). In this study, our aim was to evaluate the long-term rubella immunogenicity afforded by two childhood MMR doses of the Norwegian vaccination program in a cohort of conscripts and to determine the effect of an additional dose of MMR vaccine, in order to inform vaccination policy. Blood samples from Norwegian conscripts (n = 495) taken both before and eight months after administration of a dose of MMR vaccine were tested using an enzyme immunoassay to measure anti-rubella IgG. Concentrations <5 IU/mL were regarded as negative, 5.0-9.9 IU/mL as equivocal, and ≥10 IU/mL as positive. Overall, the seropositivity before vaccination was 84.6%, and 99.0% of the conscripts had anti-rubella IgG concentrations ≥5 IU/mL. The seropositivity after vaccination was 94.5%, and 99.8% of the conscripts had antibody concentrations ≥5 IU/mL. The geometrical mean IgG concentrations increased from 21.4 IU/mL before vaccination to 28.9 IU/mL after. Four out of five conscripts, with seronegative concentrations before administrations of an additional MMR dose, had equivocal or seropositive results following vaccination. The cohort of young adults in Norway, which was eligible for two childhood MMR doses, was protected against rubella, and efforts should be made to maintain high vaccine coverage to ensure immunity in the future. A third dose of MMR administered in early adulthood led to an increase in the antibody concentration in our cohort and seroconversion for the majority of seronegative persons.

摘要

关于麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)疫苗的第三剂的免疫原性,现有数据有限。本研究旨在评估挪威免疫计划中两剂儿童 MMR 疫苗对风疹的长期免疫原性,并确定额外剂量 MMR 疫苗的效果,以提供疫苗接种政策信息。我们对接受一剂 MMR 疫苗的挪威应征者(n=495)的血液样本进行了检测,采用酶免疫分析法检测抗风疹 IgG。浓度<5IU/ml 被认为是阴性,5.0-9.9IU/ml 为可疑,≥10IU/ml 为阳性。总体而言,接种前的血清阳性率为 84.6%,99.0%的应征者抗风疹 IgG 浓度≥5IU/ml。接种后的血清阳性率为 94.5%,99.8%的应征者抗体浓度≥5IU/ml。接种前 IgG 浓度的几何平均值从 21.4IU/ml 增加到 28.9IU/ml。在接受额外 MMR 剂量前血清阴性的应征者中,有 4 人在接种后结果为可疑或阳性。在挪威,有资格接受两剂儿童 MMR 剂量的年轻成年人队列对风疹具有保护作用,应努力保持高疫苗接种率以确保未来的免疫力。在成年早期接种第三剂 MMR 导致我们队列中的抗体浓度增加,大多数血清阴性者的血清转化率增加。

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