School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Centre for Conservation and Biodiversity Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Science. 2018 May 18;360(6390):788-791. doi: 10.1126/science.aap9565.
In an era of massive biodiversity loss, the greatest conservation success story has been the growth of protected land globally. Protected areas are the primary defense against biodiversity loss, but extensive human activity within their boundaries can undermine this. Using the most comprehensive global map of human pressure, we show that 6 million square kilometers (32.8%) of protected land is under intense human pressure. For protected areas designated before the Convention on Biological Diversity was ratified in 1992, 55% have since experienced human pressure increases. These increases were lowest in large, strict protected areas, showing that they are potentially effective, at least in some nations. Transparent reporting on human pressure within protected areas is now critical, as are global targets aimed at efforts required to halt biodiversity loss.
在生物多样性大量丧失的时代，保护地的全球增长成为了最伟大的保护成功案例。保护地是防止生物多样性丧失的主要防线，但人类在其边界内的广泛活动可能会破坏这一点。利用最全面的全球人类压力图，我们表明，有 600 万平方公里（32.8%）的保护地受到强烈的人类压力。对于在 1992 年《生物多样性公约》批准之前指定的保护区，自那时以来，有 55%的保护区经历了人类压力的增加。在大型、严格的保护区中，这种增加幅度最低，这表明它们至少在某些国家是有效的。现在，保护区内人类压力的透明报告至关重要，而旨在努力制止生物多样性丧失的全球目标也是如此。
