Sokołowski Wojciech, Czubaj Norbert, Skibniewski Michał, Barszcz Karolina, Kupczyńska Marta, Kinda Wojciech, Kiełbowicz Zdzisław
Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 51, 50-366, Wroclaw, Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2018 May 18;14(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1483-3.
Hydrocephalus is a multifactorial condition, whose aetiology is not fully understood. Congenital hydrocephalus frequently occurs in small and brachycephalic dog breeds. Although it is widely accepted that the cribriform plate located in the rostral cranial fossa (RCF) is a site of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage, the RCF has not been studied extensively. Literature reports indicate that a decreased caudal cranial fossa (CCF) volume in the course of the Chiari-like malformation may obstruct CSF circulation. We hypothesised that morphological diversity among different breeds in the volume of the RCF may affect CSF circulation. The aim of the study was to carry out a volumetric analysis of the RCF and the cranial cavity and to determine the ratio between them in dog breeds of different size and morphotype. We performed computed tomography (CT) morphometric analysis of the RCF compartment by obtaining volume measurements from the transverse and reformatted sagittal and dorsal planes.
The rostral cranial fossa percentage - volume of the rostral cranial fossa/volume of cranial cavity × 100 (volRCF/volCC × 100) was lower in small and brachycephalic dog breeds than in the other dogs.
A reduced RCF volume was detected in small and brachycephalic dog breeds, some of which are predisposed to congenital hydrocephalus. This may lead to overcrowding of brain parenchyma in the RCF and may impede CSF circulation. Our observations may be useful for future studies focusing on the causes and new therapies to treat conditions such as hydrocephalus and syringomyelia.
脑积水是一种多因素疾病，其病因尚未完全明确。先天性脑积水常见于小型短头犬种。尽管人们普遍认为位于颅前窝（RCF）的筛板是脑脊液（CSF）引流的部位，但对RCF的研究并不广泛。文献报道显示，在类似Chiari畸形的过程中，颅后窝（CCF）体积减小可能会阻碍脑脊液循环。我们推测，不同犬种RCF体积的形态学差异可能会影响脑脊液循环。本研究的目的是对RCF和颅腔进行容积分析，并确定不同体型和形态类型犬种中它们之间的比例。我们通过从横断面以及重新格式化的矢状面和背面获取体积测量值，对RCF区域进行了计算机断层扫描（CT）形态计量分析。
小型和短头犬种的颅前窝百分比（颅前窝体积/颅腔体积×100，即volRCF/volCC×100）低于其他犬种。
在小型和短头犬种中检测到RCF体积减小，其中一些犬种易患先天性脑积水。这可能导致RCF内脑实质拥挤，并可能阻碍脑脊液循环。我们的观察结果可能有助于未来针对脑积水和脊髓空洞症等疾病的病因及新疗法的研究。
