Wang Xiao-Min, Su Xue-Long, Wang Hong, Liu Fei, Zhao Ya-Ping, Guo Qing-Yu
Clinical Research Center of Shanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Apr 1;36(2):194-198. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.02.015.
The prevalence rate, distribution, and reasons of immature permanent-tooth trauma in Xi'an were investigated and described, and a scientific basis was provided for the decision-making of health-administration departments.
Through cluster and simple random sampling survey, 4 013 pupils in schools from nine districts and four counties in Xi'an were sampled. All pupils and their parents were requested to complete a questionnaire. Oral examinations were conducted for children who had immature permanent teeth trauma. The number of trauma teeth and teeth were recorded. Survey data were analyzed statistically.
The prevalence rate of immature permanent dental trauma was 10.5% in Xi'an. No significant differences were observed between districts and counties (P>0.05). The peak age of permanent dental trauma was at 7-9 years old, and the most was at 8 years old (31.5%). The first reason of trauma was falling down (50.9%), and the second reason was crash (36.0%). The most common trauma teeth were maxillary incisors (75.4%).
The prevalence rate of immature permanent teeth trauma in Xi'an was in the middle of all international levels. Children, who are vulnerable to dental trauma at their age, should be provided with appropriate prevention measures to reduce the incidence of dental trauma.
调查并描述西安市恒牙未成熟牙外伤的患病率、分布情况及原因，为卫生行政部门决策提供科学依据。
通过整群和单纯随机抽样调查，抽取西安市9个区4个县学校的4013名小学生。要求所有学生及其家长填写问卷。对有恒牙未成熟牙外伤的儿童进行口腔检查，记录外伤牙位及牙数。对调查数据进行统计学分析。
西安市恒牙未成熟牙外伤患病率为10.5%。各区县间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。恒牙外伤的高峰年龄为7~9岁，以8岁最多（31.5%）。外伤的首要原因是跌倒（50.9%），其次是碰撞（36.0%）。最常发生外伤的牙齿是上颌切牙（75.4%）。
西安市恒牙未成熟牙外伤患病率处于国际各水平的中等程度。针对该年龄段易发生牙外伤的儿童，应采取适当的预防措施以降低牙外伤的发生率。
