J Clin Invest. 2018 Jul 2;128(7):2743-2745. doi: 10.1172/JCI121053. Epub 2018 May 21.
There is marked variability in vaccine efficacy among global populations. In particular, individuals in low- to middle-income countries have been shown to be less responsive to vaccines than those from developed nations. Several factors, including endemic infections, nutrition, genetics, and gut microbiome composition, have been proposed to underlie discrepancies in vaccine response. In this issue of the JCI, Kityo et al. evaluated response to yellow fever virus vaccine, inflammation, and lymphatic tissue architecture and fibrosis in three cohorts: two from the U.S. and one from Uganda. Compared with the U.S. subjects, the Ugandan cohort exhibited enhanced cytokine responses, increased lymph node fibrosis, reduced CD4+ T cell levels, and reduced vaccine response. Together, these results provide a link among chronic inflammation, damaged lymphoid architecture, and poor vaccine outcome, and set the stage for future studies to identify strategies to overcome these barriers.
在全球人群中，疫苗的效果存在明显的差异。特别是，来自中低收入国家的个体对疫苗的反应不如来自发达国家的个体敏感。一些因素，包括地方性感染、营养、遗传和肠道微生物组组成，被认为是疫苗反应差异的基础。在本期 JCI 中，Kityo 等人评估了三个队列（两个来自美国，一个来自乌干达）对黄热病病毒疫苗、炎症、淋巴组织结构和纤维化的反应。与美国受试者相比，乌干达队列表现出更强的细胞因子反应、增加的淋巴结纤维化、降低的 CD4+T 细胞水平和降低的疫苗反应。这些结果共同提供了慢性炎症、受损的淋巴组织结构和不良疫苗结果之间的联系，并为未来的研究确定克服这些障碍的策略奠定了基础。
