Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center for Emerging Bacterial Infections, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Bioorg Med Chem. 2018 Oct 15;26(19):5343-5348. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.019. Epub 2018 May 19.
Incorporation of halogen atoms to drug molecule has been shown to improve its properties such as enhanced in membrane permeability and increased hydrophobic interactions to its target. To investigate the effect of halogen substitutions on the antibacterial activity of trimethoprim (TMP), we synthesized a series of halogen substituted TMP and tested for their antibacterial activities against global predominant methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Structure-activity relationship analysis suggested a trend in potency that correlated with the ability of the halogen atom to facilitate in hydrophobic interaction to saDHFR. The most potent derivative, iodinated trimethoprim (TMP-I), inhibited pathogenic bacterial growth with MIC as low as 1.25 μg/mL while the clinically used TMP derivative, diaveridine, showed resistance. Similar to TMP, synergistic studies indicated that TMP-I functioned synergistically with sulfamethoxazole. The simplicity in the synthesis from an inexpensive starting material, vanillin, highlighted the potential of TMP-I as antibacterial agent for MRSA infections.
将卤素原子引入药物分子已被证明可以改善其性质，例如增强细胞膜通透性和增加与靶标的疏水相互作用。为了研究卤素取代对甲氧苄啶（TMP）抗菌活性的影响，我们合成了一系列卤素取代的 TMP，并测试了它们对全球主要耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株的抗菌活性。构效关系分析表明，活性与卤素原子促进与 saDHFR 疏水相互作用的能力之间存在相关性。最有效的衍生物，碘化甲氧苄啶（TMP-I），其抑制致病性细菌生长的 MIC 低至 1.25μg/mL，而临床使用的 TMP 衍生物二甲氧嘧啶则表现出耐药性。与 TMP 相似，协同研究表明 TMP-I 与磺胺甲恶唑具有协同作用。从廉价起始原料香草醛合成的简单性突出了 TMP-I 作为治疗 MRSA 感染的抗菌剂的潜力。
