Yang Yang, Wang Yawei, Ma Xinlong, Ma Jianxiong, Xing Dan, Zhu Shaowen, Chen Yang
Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, P. R. China.
Department of Electromyography, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, P. R. China.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2016 Dec 8;30(12):1493-1497. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20160309.
To evaluate the influence of nicotine intake on bone microstructure, bone biomechanics, and oxidative stress state in rats.
Thirty-six 6-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats (weight, 160-180 g) were randomly divided into control group, low dose group, and high dose group, 12 rats each group. The rats in high dose group and low dose group were given respectively 6.0 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg nicotine gavage intervention for 12 months; no intervention was made in the control group. The survival of rats was observed during experiment, and the weight of rats was measured every month. At 12 months after modeling, the L1 vertebral body was harvested to measure the bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular thickness (TT), trabecular number (TN), and trabecular spacing (TS) by Micro-CT three-dimensional reconstruction; the left femur was harvested for biomechanical tests of maximal load, stiffness, and the maximal fracture energy; and arterial blood was extracted to measure the malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and cotinine.
During the experiment, two rats and one rat were added in the high dose group and the low dose group because of death, and no death in the control group. The body weight of the rats in the high and low dose groups gradually decreased with time when compared with one in the control group, and significant difference was found between two dose groups and the control group at 8-12 months (<0.05); the body weight of the high dose group was significantly lower than that of the low dose group at 11 and 12 months (<0.05). At 12 months after modeling, BMD, BVF, TT, and TN were significantly lower in the high dose group than the control group and the low dose group, but TS was significantly increased (<0.05). Difference in BVF, TN, and TS was significant between the low dose group and the control group (<0.05). The maximal load, stiffness, and maximal fracture energy of femoral shaft were significantly lower in the high dose group than the control group and the low dose group, and in the low dose group than the control group (<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of cotinine and MDA were significantly increased, and the levels of CAT and SOD were significantly decreased in the high and low dose groups (<0.05), and there were significant differences between the high and low dose groups (<0.05).
Nicotine intake can cause micro-structural changes of the bone, decreased bone mechanical properties, and imbalance of oxidation-antioxidant levels in rats. High-dose nicotine intake may be one of the causes of osteoporosis.
评估尼古丁摄入对大鼠骨微观结构、骨生物力学及氧化应激状态的影响。
将36只6周龄雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠（体重160 - 180 g）随机分为对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组，每组12只。高剂量组和低剂量组大鼠分别给予6.0 mg/kg和0.4 mg/kg尼古丁灌胃干预12个月；对照组不进行干预。实验期间观察大鼠存活情况，每月测量大鼠体重。造模12个月后，采集L1椎体，通过Micro-CT三维重建测量骨密度（BMD）、骨体积分数（BVF）、小梁厚度（TT）、小梁数量（TN）和小梁间距（TS）；采集左侧股骨进行最大载荷、刚度和最大断裂能量的生物力学测试；抽取动脉血测量丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和可替宁。
实验期间，高剂量组和低剂量组分别因死亡添加2只和1只大鼠，对照组无死亡。与对照组相比，高、低剂量组大鼠体重随时间逐渐下降，8 - 12个月时两个剂量组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（<0.05）；11和12个月时高剂量组大鼠体重显著低于低剂量组（<0.05）。造模12个月后，高剂量组BMD、BVF、TT和TN显著低于对照组和低剂量组，但TS显著升高（<0.05）。低剂量组与对照组在BVF、TN和TS方面差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。高剂量组股骨干的最大载荷、刚度和最大断裂能量显著低于对照组和低剂量组，低剂量组低于对照组（<0.05）。与对照组相比，高、低剂量组可替宁和MDA水平显著升高，CAT和SOD水平显著降低（<0.05），高、低剂量组之间差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。
尼古丁摄入可导致大鼠骨微观结构改变、骨力学性能下降及氧化 - 抗氧化水平失衡。高剂量尼古丁摄入可能是骨质疏松的原因之一。
