Department of Fish Processing Technology, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hoige Bazar, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575001, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jul;25(19):18345-18363. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2319-1. Epub 2018 May 22.
Several technologies and methods have been developed over the years to address the environmental pollution and nutritional losses associated with the dumping of fish processing waste and low-cost fish and by-products. Despite the continuous efforts put in this field, none of the developed technologies was successful in addressing the issues due to various technical problems. To solve the problems associated with the fish processing waste and low-value fish and by-products, a process called pH shift/acid and alkaline solubilization process was developed. In this process, proteins are first solubilized using acid and alkali followed by precipitating them at their isoelectric pH to recover functional and stable protein isolates from underutilized fish species and by-products. Many studies were conducted using pH shift process to recover proteins from fish and fish by-products and found to be most successful in recovering proteins with increased yields than conventional surimi (three cycle washing) process and with good functional properties. In this paper, problems associated with conventional processing, advantages and principle of pH shift processing, effect of pH shift process on the quality and storage stability of recovered isolates, applications protein isolates, etc. are discussed in detail for better understanding.
多年来，已经开发了几种技术和方法来解决与倾倒鱼类加工废物和低成本鱼类和副产品相关的环境污染和营养损失问题。尽管在这一领域不断努力，但由于各种技术问题，没有一种开发的技术能够成功解决这些问题。为了解决与鱼类加工废物和低价值鱼类及副产品相关的问题，开发了一种称为 pH 值转换/酸碱溶解的工艺。在这个过程中，首先使用酸和碱使蛋白质溶解，然后在等电 pH 值下沉淀，从未充分利用的鱼类和副产品中回收功能性和稳定的蛋白质分离物。许多研究使用 pH 值转换工艺从鱼类和鱼类副产品中回收蛋白质，发现与传统的鱼糜（三循环洗涤）工艺相比，该工艺在提高蛋白质收率方面最为成功，并且具有良好的功能特性。本文详细讨论了传统加工存在的问题、pH 值转换加工的优点和原理、pH 值转换工艺对回收分离物质量和储存稳定性的影响、蛋白质分离物的应用等，以便更好地理解。
