Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University.
Department of Social Studies, University of Mauritius.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2018 Oct;24(4):576-587. doi: 10.1037/cdp0000196. Epub 2018 May 24.
We investigated adolescents' understandings of national group membership in multicultural Mauritius. We hypothesized that tolerance toward different cultures would be an important criterion for being Mauritian. In addition, national identity was expected to be defined in terms of "being," "feeling," and "doing." The type of definition, and whether stopping being Mauritian is perceived as possible, was expected to depend on age and national identification. Possible differences by cultural group membership were explored.
The sample consisted of 2,190 adolescents of predominantly the three main cultural groups in Mauritius (Hindus, Muslims, and Creoles; Mage = 14.8 years, SDage = 1.7; 53% girls, 47% boys). Multiple correspondence and regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses.
The most important criterion mentioned for being Mauritian was respecting cultural diversity. Further, the criteria for national belonging could be clustered into being, feeling, and doing Mauritian. Older adolescents and higher national identifiers defined national belonging more in terms of feeling and less in terms of being than younger adolescents and lower national identifiers. In addition, they considered national identity to be less changeable. There were no clear differences between the three cultural groups.
This study reveals the central importance of mutual respect and tolerance as the defining criterion for being Mauritian. Moreover, the feeling, being, and doing clusters of criteria provide a theoretically interesting distinction for understanding national belonging. It is recommended to test their possible correlates further and to use adult samples as well. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
我们调查了毛里求斯青少年对民族群体归属的理解。我们假设对不同文化的宽容将是成为毛里求斯人的一个重要标准。此外，民族认同预计将根据“是”、“感觉”和“行动”来定义。定义的类型，以及是否停止成为毛里求斯人被认为是可能的，预计将取决于年龄和民族认同。探讨了不同文化群体成员资格的可能差异。
样本由毛里求斯三个主要文化群体（印度教徒、穆斯林教徒和克里奥尔人；Mage = 14.8 岁，SDage = 1.7；53%女孩，47%男孩）的 2190 名青少年组成。使用多元对应分析和回归分析来检验假设。
被提及的成为毛里求斯人的最重要标准是尊重文化多样性。此外，民族归属的标准可以聚类为“是”、“感觉”和“行动”毛里求斯人。与年轻的青少年和低民族认同者相比，年龄较大的青少年和高民族认同者更多地从感觉方面定义民族归属，而较少从“是”方面定义民族归属。此外，他们认为民族认同的变化性较小。三个文化群体之间没有明显的差异。
这项研究揭示了相互尊重和宽容作为成为毛里求斯人的决定性标准的核心重要性。此外，作为定义毛里求斯人的标准，感觉、行动和行为的标准集群为理解民族归属提供了一个有趣的理论区别。建议进一步测试它们的可能相关性，并使用成年样本。
