Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Near Chenab bridge, Main GT road Gujrat, Pakistan.
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jan;97:1710-1721. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.118. Epub 2017 Dec 9.
Ziziphora clinopodioides has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. Current study is believed to first time report the potential of Z. clinopodioides extracts to ameliorate joint inflammation using model of chronic joint inflammation (FCA-induced rheumatoid arthritis). The study further investigates the effects on joint inflammation using acute inflammatory paw edema models. The anti-inflammatory effects were also supported by using xylene-induced ear edema model. Results showed that Z. clinopodioides significantly ameliorated rheumatoid arthritis as indicated by the inhibition of arthritic development and paw edema. Histopathological examination showed significant attenuation in pannus formation, bone erosion, and joint inflammation. Treatment with the plant extracts also nearly normalized counts of RBCs, platelets, and total leukocytes along with hemoglobin (Hb) content. Biochemical analysis (AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine) showed that plant extracts did not possess hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic effects. Water displacement plethysmometric analysis showed that Z. clinopodioides significantly attenuated carrageenan-induced paw edema. To evaluate the mechanism, anti-inflammatory effects were further evaluated using histamine- and serotonin-induced inflammatory paw edema models. Z. clinopodioides significantly suppressed paw edema induced by both histamine and serotonin, and also caused the inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema. This suggested the inhibition of autacoids as one of the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects of plant. GC-MS analysis showed that the plant is rich in essential oils, including terpenoids, esters, alcohols, furans, cyclic ketones, epoxides, oxanes, and acyclic hydrocarbons. In conclusion, current study demonstrated that Z. clinopodioides possessed significant anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties which might be attributed to the inhibition of autacoids.
没药醇百里香已被用于传统医学的抗炎特性。目前的研究被认为是第一次报告使用慢性关节炎模型（弗氏完全佐剂诱导的类风湿性关节炎）来改善关节炎症的没药醇百里香提取物的潜力。该研究进一步通过急性炎症性爪肿胀模型研究了对关节炎症的影响。二甲苯诱导的耳肿胀模型也支持抗炎作用。结果表明，没药醇百里香显著改善了类风湿性关节炎，表现为关节炎发展和爪肿胀的抑制。组织病理学检查显示，在血管翳形成、骨侵蚀和关节炎症方面有明显的衰减。植物提取物的治疗也几乎使红细胞、血小板和总白细胞计数以及血红蛋白（Hb）含量正常化。生化分析（AST、ALT、尿素和肌酐）表明，植物提取物没有肝毒性或肾毒性。水置换体积描记分析显示，没药醇百里香显著减轻了角叉菜胶诱导的爪肿胀。为了评估机制，进一步使用组胺和 5-羟色胺诱导的炎症性爪肿胀模型评估了抗炎作用。没药醇百里香显著抑制了组胺和 5-羟色胺诱导的爪肿胀，也抑制了二甲苯诱导的耳肿胀。这表明抑制自体活性物质是植物抗炎作用的机制之一。GC-MS 分析表明，该植物富含精油，包括萜类、酯类、醇类、呋喃类、环酮类、环氧化物、氧杂环丁烷和无环烃类。总之，本研究表明没药醇百里香具有显著的抗关节炎和抗炎特性，这可能归因于抑制自体活性物质。
