University of Oxford, UK.
University of Plymouth, UK.
J Intellect Disabil. 2020 Jun;24(2):268-283. doi: 10.1177/1744629518778695. Epub 2018 May 24.
As part of their care, adults with intellectual disabilities are often subject to restrictive interventions including restraint.
A review examining the prevalence of restraint use with people with intellectual disabilities and the characteristics associated with its use.
The seven papers identified used quantitative methodologies and had cross-sectional designs. Prevalence rates of restraint ranged from 11% to 78%, multiple forms of restraint were common. Most studies focused on characteristics within the person with an intellectual disability, three considered external factors. Challenging behaviour was the most consistent characteristic associated with the use of restraint, but how this was defined varied.
The review highlights a need for more consistent means of defining and measuring restraint and its associated characteristics. Future research into this area may also want to focus on the context of restraint such as whether it is the least restrictive option used.
作为其护理的一部分，智障成年人通常会受到包括约束在内的限制干预措施。
本文回顾了智障人士使用约束的流行情况及其使用相关特征。
确定的七篇论文使用了定量方法，且具有横断面设计。约束的流行率范围从 11%到 78%不等，多种形式的约束很常见。大多数研究都集中在智障人士自身的特征上，有三项研究考虑了外部因素。具有挑战性的行为是与使用约束最一致的特征，但如何定义这一特征有所不同。
该综述强调需要更一致的方法来定义和衡量约束及其相关特征。该领域的未来研究可能还需要关注约束的背景，例如它是否是使用的最具限制性的选择。
