Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2018 May;25(3):244-250. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2017.12.003.
Hypertension is an important public health challenge because of its high prevalence and strong association with cardiovascular disease and premature death. Hypertension is a major cause of CKD, is present in more than 80% of CKD patients, and contributes to CKD progression. Risk factors for hypertension include, but are not limited to, age, race, family history, obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and inadequate intake of minerals such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium. Magnesium is the second most abundant intracellular cation in the human body and plays an important role in insulin and adenosine triphosphate metabolism. Low dietary magnesium intake has been associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension in prospective cohort studies. Moreover, clinical trials suggest that magnesium supplementation has blood pressure-lowering effects. In addition, emerging data reveal potential mechanisms by which magnesium may influence blood pressure. Here, we will review these mechanisms, using a physiology-based approach, focusing on the effects of magnesium on total peripheral resistance and cardiac output.
高血压是一个重要的公共卫生挑战，因为它的高患病率和与心血管疾病及过早死亡的强关联性。高血压是慢性肾脏病的主要病因，存在于超过 80%的慢性肾脏病患者中，并导致慢性肾脏病的进展。高血压的危险因素包括但不限于年龄、种族、家族史、肥胖、身体活动不足、吸烟以及钙、钾和镁等矿物质摄入不足。镁是人体内第二丰富的细胞内阳离子，在胰岛素和三磷酸腺苷代谢中发挥重要作用。前瞻性队列研究表明，低镁饮食摄入与高血压的发病风险增加有关。此外，临床试验表明，镁补充剂具有降低血压的作用。此外，新出现的数据揭示了镁可能影响血压的潜在机制。在这里，我们将使用基于生理学的方法来综述这些机制，重点关注镁对总外周阻力和心输出量的影响。
