Saeuberli Patricia Wassmer, Schraknepper Anja, Eichelberger Patric, Luginbuehl Helena, Radlinger Lorenz
School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Cantonal Hospital Baden AG, Section Physiotherapy, Baden, Switzerland.
Int Urogynecol J. 2018 Dec;29(12):1833-1840. doi: 10.1007/s00192-018-3664-9. Epub 2018 May 24.
Complex functional movements such as jumping typically provoke stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. The aim of this study was to investigate pelvic floor muscle (PFM) activity in young, healthy women during jumps to explore their activity characteristics.
Surface electromyography (EMG) from PFMs was measured in 16 healthy women with a tripolar vaginal probe during drop landings from heights of 15, 30 and 45 cm (DL 15, 30, 45) as well as during mini-trampolining with a pace of 90 and 75 jumps per minute (MT 90, 75). Time of foot strike and body weight force (BWF) in % (= ground reaction force, normalised to body weight) was determined by force plates. Root mean square values of the EMG signals were analyzed from 30 ms before to 150 ms after foot strike. Peak activity during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was set as 100% for EMG normalization. The PFM onset threshold was determined as the mean of rest activity plus 2 standard deviations. Data were analysed with non-parametric statistical methods.
EMG activity during all jumps was above the PFM onset threshold. Mean pre- and reflex activity increased significantly with jumping height (p < 0.05) as well as with increasing BWF. The PFM activation pattern of DL was with peak activity of 115-182 %MVC between 34 and 44 ms after foot strike, which was different from MT with peak PFM activity of 85-115 %MVC reached at 133 ms.
Jumping and mini-trampolining provoked significant PFM activity in healthy volunteers. The next research step will be to examine the PFM activity of women suffering from SUI during jumps.
诸如跳跃之类的复杂功能性动作通常会诱发女性压力性尿失禁（SUI）。本研究的目的是调查年轻健康女性在跳跃过程中的盆底肌（PFM）活动，以探索其活动特征。
使用三极阴道探头对16名健康女性在从15、30和45厘米高度进行落体着陆（DL 15、30、45）以及在以每分钟90次和75次跳跃的速度进行小型蹦床运动（MT 90、75）期间的盆底肌表面肌电图（EMG）进行测量。通过测力板确定足部着地时间和体重力（BWF，以百分比表示，即地面反作用力，相对于体重进行标准化）。从足部着地前30毫秒至着地后150毫秒分析EMG信号的均方根值。将最大自主收缩（MVC）期间的峰值活动设定为EMG标准化的100%。将盆底肌起始阈值确定为静息活动平均值加上2个标准差。采用非参数统计方法分析数据。
所有跳跃过程中的肌电图活动均高于盆底肌起始阈值。平均预反射和反射活动随跳跃高度（p < 0.05）以及体重力增加而显著增加。落体着陆的盆底肌激活模式为足部着地后34至44毫秒之间峰值活动为115 - 182%MVC，这与小型蹦床运动不同，小型蹦床运动的盆底肌峰值活动在133毫秒时达到85 - 115%MVC。
跳跃和小型蹦床运动在健康志愿者中诱发了显著的盆底肌活动。下一步研究将是检查压力性尿失禁女性在跳跃过程中的盆底肌活动。
