School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
NSW Football Medicine Association, Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018 Oct;28(10):2216-2225. doi: 10.1111/sms.13226. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Scheduling eccentric-based injury prevention programs (IPP) during the common 6-day micro-cycle in soccer is challenged by recovery and tapering phases. This study profiled muscle damage, neuromuscular performance, and perceptual responses to a lower limb eccentric-based IPP administered 1 (MD+1) vs 3 days (MD+3) postmatch. A total of 18 semi-professional players were monitored daily during 3 in-season 6-day micro-cycles, including weekly competitive fixtures. Capillary creatine kinase concentration (CK), posterior lower limb isometric peak force (PF), counter-movement jump (CMJ) performance, and muscle soreness were assessed 24 hours prior to match-day (baseline), and every 24 hours up to 120 hours postmatch. The IPP consisted of lunges, single stiff leg dead-lifts, single leg-squats, and Nordic hamstring exercises. Performing the IPP on MD+1 attenuated the decline in CK normally observed following match play (CON: 142%; MD+3: 166%; small differences). When IPP was delivered on MD+3, CK was higher vs CON and MD+1 trials on both MD+4 (MD+3: 260%; CON: 146%; MD+1: 151%; moderate differences) and MD+5 (MD+3: 209%; CON: 125%; MD+1: 127%; small differences). Soreness ratings were not exacerbated when the IPP was delivered on MD+1, but when prescribed on MD+3, hamstring soreness ratings remained higher on MD+4 and MD+5 (small differences). No between-trial differences were observed for PF and CMJ. Administering the IPP in the middle of the micro-cycle (MD+3) increased measures of muscle damage and soreness, which remained elevated on the day prior to the next match (MD+5). Accordingly, IPP should be scheduled early in the micro-cycle, to avoid compromising preparation for the following match.
在足球的常见 6 天微周期内安排基于离心力的损伤预防计划(IPP)受到恢复和逐渐减少阶段的挑战。本研究分析了肌肉损伤、神经肌肉性能以及对下肢基于离心力的 IPP 的感知反应,该 IPP 在比赛后 1 天(MD+1)和 3 天(MD+3)进行管理。共有 18 名半职业球员在 3 个赛季 6 天微周期内进行了日常监测,包括每周的比赛。在比赛日(基线)前 24 小时和比赛后 120 小时内,每 24 小时评估毛细血管肌酸激酶浓度(CK)、下肢等长峰值力(PF)、反向跳跃(CMJ)性能和肌肉酸痛。IPP 包括弓步、单腿硬拉、单腿深蹲和北欧腿筋练习。在 MD+1 进行 IPP 可减轻比赛后 CK 下降的趋势,而 MD+3 则相反(CON:142%;MD+3:166%;差异较小)。当在 MD+3 进行 IPP 时,CK 高于 CON 和 MD+1 试验,在 MD+4(MD+3:260%;CON:146%;MD+1:151%;差异中等)和 MD+5(MD+3:209%;CON:125%;MD+1:127%;差异较小)时也是如此。当 IPP 在 MD+1 进行时,疼痛评分不会加剧,但当在 MD+3 进行时,在 MD+4 和 MD+5 时腿筋疼痛评分仍较高(差异较小)。PF 和 CMJ 没有观察到试验间差异。在微周期的中间(MD+3)进行 IPP 会增加肌肉损伤和疼痛的测量值,这些值在下次比赛前一天(MD+5)仍保持升高。因此,IPP 应在微周期的早期进行安排,以避免影响下一场比赛的准备。