The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2018 May 25;20(7):54. doi: 10.1007/s11886-018-0999-2.
In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the cellular origins of the coronary endothelial cells during development and neovascularization in the adult stage after cardiac injury.
Recent work identified three different developmental origins for coronary endothelial cells: proepicardium, endocardium, and sinus venosus. However, the level of contribution by each source remains debated. During heart injury and regeneration, although multiple cell types such as endothelial progenitor cells, epicardial cells, and endocardial cells were reported to contribute neovascularization, convincing evidence is still lacking.. Recently, fibroblasts were reported to contribute to endothelial cells after cardiac injury through mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition. A subsequent study demonstrated that pre-existing endothelial cells mainly mediate cardiac neovascularization after injury. The developmental origins of coronary vessels are diverse and further studies are needed to address the exact contribution from each source and the molecular mechanism governing distinct vessel formation programs. In the adult stage, neovascularization is mainly mediated by the pre-existing endothelial cells, with negligible contribution from other sources.
本文旨在总结和讨论心脏损伤后成年阶段新生血管形成时，胚胎发育过程中冠状动脉内皮细胞的细胞起源。
最近的研究工作确定了冠状动脉内皮细胞的三种不同的发育起源：心外膜、心内膜和心窦。然而，每种来源的贡献程度仍存在争议。在心脏损伤和再生过程中，虽然有研究报道内皮祖细胞、心外膜细胞和心内膜细胞等多种细胞类型参与新生血管形成，但仍缺乏确凿的证据。最近，有研究报道称，心脏损伤后成纤维细胞通过间充质-内皮转化（mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition，EndMT）可贡献内皮细胞。随后的研究表明，损伤后主要是预先存在的内皮细胞介导心脏新生血管形成。冠状动脉的发育起源是多样化的，需要进一步的研究来确定每个来源的确切贡献以及调控不同血管形成程序的分子机制。在成年阶段，新生血管形成主要由预先存在的内皮细胞介导，其他来源的贡献可以忽略不计。
