Vega-Lopez Guillermo A, Cerrizuela Santiago, Tribulo Celeste, Aybar Manuel J
Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
Dev Biol. 2018 Dec 1;444 Suppl 1:S110-S143. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 May 23.
The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent and migratory cell population that generates an astonishingly diverse array of cell types during vertebrate development. These cells, which originate from the ectoderm in a region lateral to the neural plate in the neural fold, give rise to neurons, glia, melanocytes, chondrocytes, smooth muscle cells, odontoblasts and neuroendocrine cells, among others. Neurocristopathies (NCP) are a class of pathologies occurring in vertebrates, especially in humans that result from the abnormal specification, migration, differentiation or death of neural crest cells during embryonic development. Various pigment, skin, thyroid and hearing disorders, craniofacial and heart abnormalities, malfunctions of the digestive tract and tumors can also be considered as neurocristopathies. In this review we revisit the current classification and propose a new way to classify NCP based on the embryonic origin of the affected tissues, on recent findings regarding the molecular mechanisms that drive NC formation, and on the increased complexity of current molecular embryology techniques.
神经嵴（NC）是一种短暂存在、具有多能性且可迁移的细胞群体，在脊椎动物发育过程中能产生种类惊人的多种细胞类型。这些细胞起源于神经褶中神经板外侧区域的外胚层，可分化为神经元、神经胶质细胞、黑素细胞、软骨细胞、平滑肌细胞、成牙本质细胞和神经内分泌细胞等。神经嵴病（NCP）是一类发生在脊椎动物，尤其是人类中的疾病，由胚胎发育过程中神经嵴细胞的异常特化、迁移、分化或死亡引起。各种色素、皮肤、甲状腺和听力障碍、颅面和心脏异常、消化道功能障碍以及肿瘤也可被视为神经嵴病。在本综述中，我们重新审视了当前的分类，并基于受影响组织的胚胎起源、关于驱动神经嵴形成的分子机制的最新发现以及当前分子胚胎学技术日益增加的复杂性，提出了一种对神经嵴病进行分类的新方法。
