J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018 Jun;118(6):1006-1016.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.02.005.
Little is known about zinc intakes and status during complementary feeding. This is particularly true for baby-led approaches, which encourage infants to feed themselves from the start of complementary feeding, although self-feeding may restrict the intake of zinc-rich foods.
To determine the zinc intakes, sources, and biochemical zinc status of infants following Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), a modified version of Baby-Led Weaning (BLW), compared with traditional spoon-feeding.
Secondary analysis of the BLISS randomized controlled trial.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Between 2012 and 2014, 206 community-based participants from Dunedin, New Zealand were randomized to a Control or BLISS group.
BLISS participants received eight study visits (antenatal to 9 months) providing education and support regarding BLISS (ie, infant self-feeding from 6 months with modifications to address concerns about iron, choking, and growth).
Dietary zinc intakes at 7 and 12 months (weighed 3-day diet records) and zinc status at 12 months (plasma zinc concentration).
Regression analyses were used to investigate differences in dietary intakes and zinc status by group, adjusted for maternal education and parity and infant age and sex.
There were no significant differences in zinc intakes between BLISS and Control infants at 7 (median: 3.5 vs 3.5 mg/day; P=0.42) or 12 (4.4 vs 4.4 mg/day; P=0.86) months. Complementary food groups contributing the most zinc at 7 months were "vegetables" for Control infants, and "breads and cereals" for BLISS infants, then "dairy" for both groups at 12 months. There was no significant difference in mean±standard deviation plasma zinc concentration between the Control (62.8±9.8 μg/dL [9.6±1.5 μmol/L]) and BLISS (62.8±10.5 μg/dL [9.6±1.6 μmol/L]) groups (P=0.75).
BLISS infants achieved similar zinc intake and status to Control infants. However, the BLISS intervention was modified to increase iron intake, which may have improved zinc intake, so these results should not be generalized to infants following unmodified BLW.
在补充喂养期间，人们对锌的摄入量和状态知之甚少。对于鼓励婴儿从补充喂养开始自行进食的婴儿主导方法尤其如此，尽管自主进食可能会限制摄入富含锌的食物。
与传统的勺喂相比，确定采用经过改良的婴儿主导固体喂养法（Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS，BLISS）的婴儿的锌摄入量、来源和生化锌状态。
BLISS 随机对照试验的二次分析。
参与者/设置：2012 年至 2014 年，来自新西兰达尼丁的 206 名社区参与者被随机分配到对照组或 BLISS 组。
BLISS 组参与者接受了 8 次研究访问（产前至 9 个月），提供了有关 BLISS 的教育和支持（即，6 个月大的婴儿自行进食，同时进行了修改以解决有关铁、窒息和生长的问题）。
7 个月和 12 个月（称重 3 天饮食记录）的膳食锌摄入量和 12 个月时的锌状态（血浆锌浓度）。
使用回归分析按组比较膳食摄入量和锌状态的差异，按母亲教育和产次以及婴儿年龄和性别进行调整。
BLISS 组和对照组婴儿在 7 个月（中位数：3.5 与 3.5mg/天；P=0.42）和 12 个月（4.4 与 4.4mg/天；P=0.86）时的锌摄入量均无显著差异。7 个月时，对锌摄入量贡献最大的补充食物组是对照组的“蔬菜”，BLISS 组的“面包和谷物”，12 个月时两组都是“乳制品”。对照组（62.8±9.8μg/dL [9.6±1.5μmol/L]）和 BLISS 组（62.8±10.5μg/dL [9.6±1.6μmol/L]）的平均血浆锌浓度差异无统计学意义（P=0.75）。
BLISS 组婴儿的锌摄入量和状态与对照组婴儿相似。然而，BLISS 干预措施进行了修改以增加铁的摄入量，这可能提高了锌的摄入量，因此这些结果不应推广到未进行改良的 BLW 喂养的婴儿。
