Perez-D'Gregorio R E, Miller R K, Baggs R B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York 14642.
Reprod Toxicol. 1988;2(1):55-61. doi: 10.1016/s0890-6238(88)80009-1.
Tellurium dioxide (TeO2) induces hydrocephalus, edema, exophthalmia, ocular hemorrhage, umbilical hernia, undescended testes and small kidneys in day 20 Wistar rat fetuses when administered s.c. to pregnant dams from gestational day 15 to 19. At doses of 500 mumole/kg or greater, a 100% incidence of these findings and a reduction in maternal weight gain were observed. A pair-fed study at the dose of 500 mumole/kg of TeO2 was conducted to establish if the effects of tellurium were a result of a reduction in food intake or other maternal toxic responses. Two additional control groups of rats receiving tellurium or vehicle were fed ad libitum. After a comparable maternal weight gain from day 0 to 15, weight gain was significantly reduced in the treated groups and the pair-fed control. There was a reduction of fetal weight in the treated groups (p less than 0.01) and in the pair-fed control (p less than 0.02). There was a 100% incidence of the above anomalies in the litters of the two treated groups, but none in the pair-fed and control groups. No histological alterations other than a mild centrolobular fatty change in the liver were detected in the other organs from the tellurium exposed dams. Thus, tellurium induces both maternal toxicity and teratogenic effects in the rat where the teratogenicity is not mediated by alterations in the diet.
从妊娠第15天至19天对怀孕的Wistar大鼠母鼠进行皮下注射二氧化碲（TeO2），会导致第20天的Wistar大鼠胎儿出现脑积水、水肿、眼球突出、眼内出血、脐疝、睾丸未降和肾脏变小。当剂量达到500微摩尔/千克或更高时，这些现象的发生率为100%，且母鼠体重增加减少。进行了一项剂量为500微摩尔/千克二氧化碲的配对喂养研究，以确定碲的影响是否是由于食物摄入量减少或其他母体毒性反应所致。另外两组随意进食的接受碲或赋形剂的大鼠作为对照组。从第0天到第15天母鼠体重增加相当后，治疗组和配对喂养对照组的体重增加显著减少。治疗组（p<0.01）和配对喂养对照组（p<0.02）的胎儿体重均有所下降。两个治疗组的仔鼠中上述异常的发生率为100%，但配对喂养组和对照组均未出现异常。在暴露于碲的母鼠的其他器官中，除肝脏出现轻度小叶中心性脂肪变性外，未检测到其他组织学改变。因此，碲在大鼠中既诱发母体毒性又诱发致畸作用，且致畸性不是由饮食改变介导的。
