Godek Kristina M, Compton Duane A
Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, United States; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, United States.
Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, United States; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, United States.
Methods Cell Biol. 2018;144:15-32. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.03.002. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Cell viability requires accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis and mitosis so that the daughter cells produced have the correct chromosome complement. In contrast, chromosome segregation errors lead to aneuploidy, a state of abnormal chromosome numbers. Furthermore, a persistently high rate of chromosome segregation errors causes the related phenomenon of whole chromosomal instability (w-CIN). Aneuploidy and w-CIN are common characteristics of several human conditions and diseases including birth defects and cancers. Thus, methods to measure aneuploidy and w-CIN have important research applications in many areas of cell biology. In this chapter, we describe methods to measure chromosome missegregation rates and aneuploid cell survival with a focus on cells grown in culture; however, we also highlight methods that are amenable to primary tissue samples. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive approach to determining the frequency of aneuploidy and w-CIN in cells.
细胞活力需要在减数分裂和有丝分裂过程中进行准确的染色体分离，以便产生的子细胞具有正确的染色体组成。相反，染色体分离错误会导致非整倍体，即染色体数目异常的状态。此外，持续高频率的染色体分离错误会导致全染色体不稳定性（w-CIN）这一相关现象。非整倍体和w-CIN是包括出生缺陷和癌症在内的几种人类病症和疾病的共同特征。因此，测量非整倍体和w-CIN的方法在细胞生物学的许多领域都有重要的研究应用。在本章中，我们将描述测量染色体错分离率和非整倍体细胞存活率的方法，重点是培养的细胞；然而，我们也强调适用于原代组织样本的方法。这些方法共同提供了一种全面的方法来确定细胞中非整倍体和w-CIN的频率。
