Jeong Ok-Mi, Kang Min-Su, Jeon Byung-Woo, Choi Byung-Kook, Kwon Yong-Kuk, Yoon So-Youn, Blackall Patrick J, Lee Hee-Soo, Jung Suk-Chan, Kim Jae-Hong
Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea.
Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland. 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia.
Vet Microbiol. 2017 Jun;205:62-65. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 May 11.
Twenty field isolates of Avibacterium paragallinarum were obtained from chickens in South Korea during 2011-2015. The isolates were identified by a HPG-2 PCR assay specific for A. paragallinarum and by biochemical tests. Growth requirements, Page serovars, carbohydrate fermentation patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility were also examined. Most isolates (16/20) showed the typical requirement for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and an enriched CO atmosphere for growth. One isolate needed increased levels of NAD and serum for good growth. Three isolates showed NAD-independent growth on blood agar under aerobic conditions. In terms of carbohydrate fermentation patterns, three biochemical biovars were recognized; these varied with respect to acid production from maltose and D-xylose. The 16 typical NAD-dependent isolates were serovar A while the variants, both NAD-independent isolates and the isolate with increased NAD dependency were non-typeable. All isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, gentamicin, and spectinomycin. High rates of resistance, including intermediate resistance, to lincomycin (100%), cloxacillin (75%), and erythromycin (70%) were observed. The four variant strains (the three NAD-independent isolates and the isolate showing unusual growth requirements) were more resistant to antibiotics than the typical NAD-dependent strains. The finding of NAD-independent forms of A. paragallinarum extends the known distribution of this form, previously only reported in South Africa, Mexico and Peru. There is clearly a need for increased caution in the diagnosis and, possibly, the control of infectious coryza.
2011年至2015年期间，从韩国的鸡群中分离出20株副鸡禽杆菌野外分离株。通过针对副鸡禽杆菌的HPG - 2 PCR检测和生化试验对分离株进行鉴定。还检测了生长需求、佩奇血清型、碳水化合物发酵模式和抗菌药敏性。大多数分离株（16/20）显示出对烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）的典型需求以及生长需要富二氧化碳环境。一株分离株需要增加NAD和血清水平才能良好生长。三株分离株在有氧条件下在血平板上显示出不依赖NAD的生长。就碳水化合物发酵模式而言，识别出了三种生化生物变种；它们在麦芽糖和D - 木糖产酸方面存在差异。16株典型的依赖NAD的分离株为血清型A，而变种，即不依赖NAD的分离株和NAD依赖性增加的分离株均无法分型。所有分离株对阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素和壮观霉素敏感。观察到对林可霉素（100%）、氯唑西林（75%）和红霉素（70%）的高耐药率，包括中度耐药。四株变异菌株（三株不依赖NAD分离株和一株显示异常生长需求的分离株）比典型的依赖NAD菌株对抗生素更耐药。不依赖NAD形式的副鸡禽杆菌的发现扩展了这种形式的已知分布范围，此前仅在南非、墨西哥和秘鲁有报道。显然，在传染性鼻炎的诊断以及可能的控制方面需要更加谨慎。
