DMEM, INRA , University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France.
IATE, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, CIRAD , University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Jun 20;66(24):6205-6212. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01746. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) are new natural solvents in green chemistry that in some cases have been shown to allow better extraction of plant bioactive molecules compared to conventional solvents and higher phenolic compound absorption in rodents. However, there is a serious lack of information regarding their in vivo safety. The purpose of this study was to verify the safety of a NaDES (betaine:glycerol (1:2 mole ratio) of water) extract from green coffee beans, rich in polyphenols. Twelve 6-week-old male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups of 6 animals each and twice daily gavaged for 14 days either with 3 mL of water or 3 mL of phenolic NaDES extract. Oral administration of phenolic NaDES extract induced mortality in two rats. In addition, it induced excessive water consumption, reduced dietary intake and weight loss, hepatomegaly, and plasma oxidative stress associated with high blood lipid levels. In conclusion, this work demonstrated the toxicity of oral administration of the selected NaDES under a short-term condition. This occurs despite the fact that this NaDES extract contains polyphenols, whose beneficial effects have been shown. Therefore, complementary work is needed to find the best dose and formulation of NaDES that are safe for the environment and animals and ultimately for humans.
天然深共晶溶剂 (NaDES) 是绿色化学中的新型天然溶剂，在某些情况下，与传统溶剂相比，它们能够更好地提取植物生物活性分子，并提高啮齿动物中酚类化合物的吸收。然而，关于它们体内安全性的信息严重缺乏。本研究旨在验证富含多酚的绿咖啡豆来源的 NaDES（甜菜碱：甘油（1:2 摩尔比）：水）提取物的安全性。将 12 只 6 周龄雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为两组，每组 6 只，每天两次灌胃 14 天，分别给予 3ml 水或 3ml 酚类 NaDES 提取物。酚类 NaDES 提取物的口服给药导致两只大鼠死亡。此外，它还导致过度饮水、减少饮食摄入和体重减轻、肝肿大以及与高血脂水平相关的血浆氧化应激。总之，这项工作证明了在短期条件下口服给予所选 NaDES 会产生毒性。尽管这种 NaDES 提取物含有已被证明具有有益作用的多酚，但还是会发生这种情况。因此，需要开展补充工作，以找到对环境和动物（最终对人类）安全的最佳剂量和配方的 NaDES。
