1 College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, China.
ASN Neuro. 2018 Jan-Dec;10:1759091418777438. doi: 10.1177/1759091418777438.
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Pharmacological animal models are invaluable tools to study the pathological mechanisms of PD. Currently, invertebrate and vertebrate animal models have been developed by using several main neurotoxins, such as 6-hydroxydopamine, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, paraquat, and rotenone. These models achieve to some extent to reproduce the key features of PD, including motor defects, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, and the formation of Lewy bodies. In this review, we will highlight the pathogenic mechanisms of those neurotoxins and summarize different neurotoxic animal models with the hope to help researchers choose among them accurately and to promote the development of modeling PD.
帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性运动障碍。药理学动物模型是研究 PD 病理机制的宝贵工具。目前，已经通过使用几种主要神经毒素（如 6-羟多巴胺、1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶、百草枯和鱼藤酮）开发了无脊椎动物和脊椎动物动物模型。这些模型在一定程度上再现了 PD 的关键特征，包括运动缺陷、黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元的进行性丧失以及路易体的形成。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍这些神经毒素的发病机制，并总结不同的神经毒性动物模型，希望能帮助研究人员准确选择，并促进 PD 模型的发展。
