a Department of Psychology , Loyola Marymount University , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences , The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2018 Dec;40(10):1022-1029. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1473343. Epub 2018 May 30.
Workload is a common and useful construct in human factors research that has been largely overlooked in other areas of psychology, including neuropsychology, where it could be effectively employed both theoretically and practically. A popular subjective measure of workload, the NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), is illustrated with a computerized version of the Tower of Hanoi (TOH), a typical neuropsychological test of executive function. Reported workload, especially as an overall measure and also for the Mental Demand and Effort subscales, was greater in the more difficult TOH conditions and was positively correlated with number of moves to complete the TOH as well as completion time. Thus, results support the utility or construct validity of the NASA-TLX in reflecting workload states in the individual as well as various demands of the neuropsychological test (the timing, physical demands, etc.). It is argued that workload can be a useful construct in neuropsychological assessment, providing an additional channel of information on patient status. For instance, what does it mean if test performance for a patient is at a typical level (indicating no deficit) but workload is exceptionally high?
工作负荷是人类因素研究中常用且有用的概念，在心理学的其他领域，包括神经心理学，都被忽视了，而在这些领域，工作负荷理论上和实际上都可以有效地运用。工作负荷的一种流行的主观测量方法，即美国国家航空航天局任务负荷指数（NASA-TLX），用汉诺塔（TOH）的计算机版本来说明，TOH 是执行功能的典型神经心理学测试。报告的工作负荷，特别是作为整体测量，以及心理需求和努力子量表，在更困难的 TOH 条件下更大，并且与完成 TOH 的移动次数以及完成时间呈正相关。因此，结果支持 NASA-TLX 在反映个体的工作负荷状态以及神经心理学测试的各种需求（计时、身体需求等）方面的有效性或结构有效性。有人认为，工作负荷在神经心理学评估中是一个有用的概念，可以提供关于患者状况的额外信息渠道。例如，如果患者的测试表现处于典型水平（表明没有缺陷），但工作负荷异常高，这意味着什么？
