Sena Hellen Holanda, Sanches Michele Alves, Rocha Diego Fernando Silva, Segundo Walter Oliva Pinto Filho, de Souza Érica Simplício, de Souza João Vicente Braga
Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), R. Alexandre Amorim 330, 69010-300 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Department of Medical Microbiology, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Av. André Araújo 2936, 69080-971 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Int J Microbiol. 2018 Apr 24;2018:5684261. doi: 10.1155/2018/5684261. eCollection 2018.
Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds that have sparked interest in recent years because of their environmental advantages over conventional surfactants. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of biosurfactants by soil fungi isolated from the Amazon forest. Fungi colonies were isolated from soil samples and screened for biosurfactant production in submerged fermentation. In addition, the influences of bioprocess factors (carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, and fermentation time) were investigated. Finally, the biosurfactant produced was semipurified and submitted to stability tests. One hundred fungal cultures were obtained from the soil samples, identified by micromorphology, and submitted to screening for biosurfactant production. Sixty-one strains produced biosurfactants. The strain 8CC2 showed the highest emulsification index (54.2%). The optimized bioprocess conditions for biosurfactant production by 8CC2 were as follows: soybean oil, 20 g/L; yeast extract, 30 g/L; pH 9; duration of 9 days. The semipurified biosurfactant showed stability after heating at 100°C for 60 min and after the addition of 30% NaCl (w/v). Tween 80 (0.2% w/v), a conventional surfactant, was used as the control.
生物表面活性剂是一类表面活性化合物，近年来因其相对于传统表面活性剂具有环境优势而引发了人们的关注。本研究的目的是调查从亚马逊森林分离出的土壤真菌产生生物表面活性剂的情况。从土壤样本中分离出真菌菌落，并在深层发酵中筛选生物表面活性剂的产生情况。此外，还研究了生物工艺因素（碳源、氮源、pH值和发酵时间）的影响。最后，对产生的生物表面活性剂进行了半纯化，并进行了稳定性测试。从土壤样本中获得了100种真菌培养物，通过微观形态学进行鉴定，并进行生物表面活性剂产生的筛选。61株菌株产生了生物表面活性剂。8CC2菌株表现出最高的乳化指数（54.2%）。8CC2产生生物表面活性剂的优化生物工艺条件如下：大豆油，20 g/L；酵母提取物，30 g/L；pH值9；持续时间9天。半纯化的生物表面活性剂在100°C加热60分钟后以及添加30% NaCl（w/v）后表现出稳定性。使用传统表面活性剂吐温80（0.2% w/v）作为对照。
