The Critical Role of IL-10 in the Antineuroinflammatory and Antioxidative Effects of on Activated Microglia.

Maxim. ex Balf. (), a traditional Tibetan medicine, is known to exert various bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. The present study was conducted to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of on activated microglia. (10 g/ml) significantly inhibited the mean protein level of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the organotypic hippocampal slice cultures following treatment with chromogranin A (CGA, 10 nM) and pancreastatin (10 nM), endogenous microglial activators present in senile plaques. also significantly inhibited the expression and production of inflammatory and oxidative molecules, including IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-, and nitric oxide, by cultured microglia after treatment with CGA. These effects of are considered to be mediated by the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) from microglia, because neutralizing antibodies against IL-10 significantly canceled these effects. To explore the causative components of responsible for inducing the secretion of IL-10, the effects of seven components of on the IL-10 expression in microglia were examined. Among them, aloe-emodin (10 M) and (+)-catechin (30 M) were able to induce the secretion of IL-10 from cultured microglia. Therefore, aloe-emodin and (+)-catechin are deemed responsible for the antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative effects of through the secretion of IL-10 from microglia. Accordingly, is considered potentially useful for the treatment of AD.