Bisciotti Gian Nicola, Volpi Piero, Amato Maurizio, Alberti Giampietro, Allegra Francesco, Aprato Alessandro, Artina Matteo, Auci Alessio, Bait Corrado, Bastieri Gian Matteo, Balzarini Luca, Belli Andrea, Bellini Gianandrea, Bettinsoli Pierfrancesco, Bisciotti Alessandro, Bisciotti Andrea, Bona Stefano, Brambilla Lorenzo, Bresciani Marco, Buffoli Michele, Calanna Filippo, Canata Gian Luigi, Cardinali Davide, Carimati Giulia, Cassaghi Gabriella, Cautero Enrico, Cena Emanuele, Corradini Barbara, Corsini Alessandro, D'Agostino Cristina, De Donato Massimo, Delle Rose Giacomo, Di Marzo Francesco, Di Pietto Francesco, Enrica Drapchind, Eirale Cristiano, Febbrari Luigi, Ferrua Paolo, Foglia Andrea, Galbiati Alberto, Gheza Alberto, Giammattei Carlo, Masia Francesco, Melegati Gianluca, Moretti Biagio, Moretti Lorenzo, Niccolai Roberto, Orgiani Antonio, Orizio Claudio, Pantalone Andrea, Parra Federica, Patroni Paolo, Pereira Ruiz Maria Teresa, Perri Marzio, Petrillo Stefano, Pulici Luca, Quaglia Alessandro, Ricciotti Luca, Rosa Francesco, Sasso Nicola, Sprenger Claudio, Tarantola Chiara, Tenconi Fabio Gianpaolo, Tosi Fabio, Trainini Michele, Tucciarone Agostino, Yekdah Ali, Vuckovic Zarko, Zini Raul, Chamari Karim
Qatar Orthopaedic and Sport Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
Centro Studi Kinemove Rehabilitation Centers, Pontremoli, Italy.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2018 May 24;4(1):e000323. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000323. eCollection 2018.
Provide the state of the art concerning (1) biology and aetiology, (2) classification, (3) clinical assessment and (4) conservative treatment of lower limb muscle injuries (MI) in athletes. Seventy international experts with different medical backgrounds participated in the consensus conference. They discussed and approved a consensus composed of four sections which are presented in these documents. This paper represents a synthesis of the consensus conference, the following four sections are discussed: (i) The biology and aetiology of MIs. A definition of MI was formulated and some key points concerning physiology and pathogenesis of MIs were discussed. (ii) The MI classification. A classification of MIs was proposed. (iii) The MI clinical assessment, in which were discussed anamnesis, inspection and clinical examination and are provided the relative guidelines. (iv) The MI conservative treatment, in which are provided the guidelines for conservative treatment based on the severity of the lesion. Furthermore, instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment were discussed. Knowledge of the aetiology and biology of MIs is an essential prerequisite in order to plan and conduct a rehabilitation plan. Another important aspect is the use of a rational MI classification on prognostic values. We propose a classification based on radiological investigations performed by ultrasonography and MRI strongly linked to prognostic factors. Furthermore, the consensus conference results will able to provide fundamental guidelines for diagnostic and rehabilitation practice, also considering instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment of MI. Expert opinion, level IV.
介绍有关运动员下肢肌肉损伤（MI）的（1）生物学和病因学、（2）分类、（3）临床评估以及（4）保守治疗的最新情况。七十位具有不同医学背景的国际专家参加了共识会议。他们讨论并批准了由四个部分组成的共识，这些内容将在这些文件中呈现。本文是共识会议的综述，将讨论以下四个部分：（i）肌肉损伤的生物学和病因学。制定了肌肉损伤的定义，并讨论了有关肌肉损伤生理学和发病机制的一些关键点。（ii）肌肉损伤的分类。提出了肌肉损伤的分类方法。（iii）肌肉损伤的临床评估，其中讨论了病史、检查和临床检查，并提供了相关指南。（iv）肌肉损伤的保守治疗，其中根据损伤的严重程度提供了保守治疗的指南。此外，还讨论了器械治疗和药物治疗。了解肌肉损伤的病因学和生物学是制定和实施康复计划的重要前提。另一个重要方面是在预后价值方面使用合理的肌肉损伤分类。我们提出一种基于超声和MRI进行的与预后因素密切相关的放射学检查的分类方法。此外，共识会议的结果将能够为诊断和康复实践提供基本指南，同时也考虑肌肉损伤的器械治疗和药物治疗。专家意见，四级。
