Anabire Nsoh Godwin, Aryee Paul Armah, Addo Francis, Anaba Frank, Kanwugu Osman Nabayire, Ankrah Jacob, Awandare Gordon Akanzuwine, Helegbe Gideon Kofi
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for development studies, Tamale, Ghana.
West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2018 Oct;32(8):e22582. doi: 10.1002/jcla.22582. Epub 2018 Jun 3.
Although hematological indices cannot in entirety be used to diagnose diseases or defects, the appropriate interpretation of these indices could complement diagnostics such as microscopy and serology for numerous illnesses in children. This study sought to evaluate distinct hematological indices characterizing different childhood illnesses.
Full blood counts from 150 children (age range from 1 to 15 year) presenting different disease conditions at the Tamale Central Hospital were assessed. The hematological indices were compared between disease categories, and relationships between disease indicators were determined.
The prevalence of the diagnosed childhood illness were: 50.7% malaria, 20.0% diarrhea, 13.3% typhoid fever, 10.0% Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), and 6.0% malaria-typhoid co-infection. Fever was diagnosed in a majority (66.0%) of the children, but was independent of each disease group, (χ = 9.18, P = .057). Of the 24 hematological indices analyzed, eight; red blood cell (RBC) (P < .001), hemoglobin (Hb) (P < .001), mean cell volume (MCV) (P = .002), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) (P < .001; lowest and below normal range for SCD), red cell distribution width (RDW_CV) (P < .001), eosinophil percentage [EOS (%)] (P = .001), eosinophil number [EOS#] (P = .002), and platelets (PLT) (P = .001; lowest for malaria) differed significantly across the different disease groups. Levels of Hb and/or MCV were below the normal reference ranges for most of the diagnosed diseases. In addition, low PLT and MCH were respectively distinct for children with malaria and SCD.
Hematological indices including Hb, MCV and PLT, or MCH may be useful indices that could incite further diagnostic tests for malaria or SCD among children in Ghana.
尽管血液学指标不能完全用于诊断疾病或缺陷，但对这些指标的恰当解读可以辅助诸如显微镜检查和血清学等诊断方法，用于诊断儿童的多种疾病。本研究旨在评估表征不同儿童疾病的不同血液学指标。
对在塔马利中心医院就诊的150名（年龄范围为1至15岁）患有不同疾病的儿童进行全血细胞计数评估。比较不同疾病类别之间的血液学指标，并确定疾病指标之间的关系。
确诊的儿童疾病患病率分别为：疟疾50.7%、腹泻20.0%、伤寒热13.3%、镰状细胞病（SCD）10.0%、疟疾 - 伤寒合并感染6.0%。大多数（66.0%）儿童被诊断为发热，但发热与各疾病组无关（χ = 9.18，P = 0.057）。在分析的24项血液学指标中，八项指标；红细胞（RBC）（P < 0.001）、血红蛋白（Hb）（P < 0.001）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）（P = 0.002）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）（P < 0.001；SCD最低且低于正常范围）、红细胞分布宽度（RDW_CV）（P < 0.001）、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比[EOS（%）]（P = 0.001）、嗜酸性粒细胞计数[EOS#]（P = 0.002）和血小板（PLT）（P = 0.001；疟疾时最低）在不同疾病组之间存在显著差异。大多数确诊疾病的Hb和/或MCV水平低于正常参考范围。此外，低PLT和MCH分别是疟疾和SCD儿童的特征。
包括Hb、MCV和PLT或MCH在内的血液学指标可能是有用的指标，可促使加纳对儿童疟疾或SCD进行进一步诊断检查。
