Nerve conduction models in myelinated and unmyelinated nerves based on three-dimensional electrostatic interaction.

Until now, nerve conduction has been described on the basis of equivalent circuit model and cable theory, both of which supposed closed electric circuits spreading inside and outside the axoplasm. With these conventional models, we can simulate the propagating pattern of action potential along the axonal membrane based on Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's law. However, we could not fully explain the different conductive patterns in unmyelinated and myelinated nerves with these theories. Also, whether we can really suppose closed electrical circuits in the actual site of the nerves or not has not been fully discussed yet. In this report, a recently introduced new theoretical model of nerve conduction based on electrostatic molecular interactions within the axoplasm will be reviewed. With this new approach, we can explain the different conductive patterns in unmyelinated and myelinated nerves. This new mathematical conductive model based on electrostatic compressional wave in the intracellular fluid may also be able to explain the signal integration in the neuronal cell body and the back-propagation mechanism from the axons to the dendrites. With this new mathematical nerve conduction model based on electrostatic molecular interactions within the intracellular fluid, we may be able to achieve an integrated explanation for the physiological phenomena taking place in the nervous system.