Kummer Kai K, Pope Harrison G, Hudson James I, Kemmler Georg, Pinggera Germar-Michael, Mangweth-Matzek Barbara
a Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.
b McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Belmont , MA , USA.
Aging Male. 2019 Mar;22(1):55-61. doi: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1477931. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
The literature on eating disorders in older males is still very limited. We assessed the relationship between aging male symptomatology and eating behavior in middle-aged and older men.
We distributed anonymous questionnaires to men aged 40-75 years living in or near Innsbruck, Austria, covering demographic items, current eating disorder symptoms (as defined by DSM-5), and associated measures of eating pathology, body image, and sports activity (including exercise addiction). We also administered the Aging Males' Symptoms scale (AMS), and classified respondents as "high-AMS" (AMS score ≥37; N = 82) or "low-AMS" (AMS score <37; N = 386).
High-AMS men reported a significantly higher mean current BMI, a greater prevalence of eating disorder symptoms, higher scores on the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, greater risk of exercise addiction, and more negative body image than low-AMS men.
We found a marked association between aging-male symptomatology and eating-disorder symptomatology in aging men. Our findings suggest that clinicians should carefully inquire about eating disorder symptoms in men aged 40 and above reporting aging-male symptomatology. Importantly, several men in the study reported "purging" via excessive exercise (as opposed to the more common methods of vomiting or use of laxatives or diuretics), and therefore this should be a subject of inquiry in clinical evaluations. To pursue these findings, subsequent studies of eating disorders in older men should consider assessing endocrinological measures, particularly testosterone levels, and should use longitudinal designs.
关于老年男性饮食失调的文献仍然非常有限。我们评估了中年及老年男性衰老症状与饮食行为之间的关系。
我们向居住在奥地利因斯布鲁克市或其附近、年龄在40 - 75岁之间的男性发放了匿名问卷，内容涵盖人口统计学项目、当前饮食失调症状（按照《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版定义）以及饮食病理学、身体意象和体育活动（包括运动成瘾）的相关测量指标。我们还实施了男性衰老症状量表（AMS）并将受访者分为“高AMS组”（AMS得分≥37；N = 82）或“低AMS组”（AMS得分<37；N = 386）。
与低AMS组男性相比，高AMS组男性报告的当前平均体重指数显著更高、饮食失调症状的患病率更高、饮食失调检查问卷得分更高、运动成瘾风险更高以及身体意象更负面。
我们发现老年男性的衰老症状与饮食失调症状之间存在显著关联。我们的研究结果表明，临床医生对于报告有衰老症状的40岁及以上男性应仔细询问其饮食失调症状。重要的是，研究中的几名男性报告通过过度运动“清除”（与更常见的呕吐、使用泻药或利尿剂的方式不同），因此这应成为临床评估中的询问内容。为进一步探究这些发现，后续关于老年男性饮食失调的研究应考虑评估内分泌指标，尤其是睾酮水平，并应采用纵向研究设计。
