Muminov Mahmud A, Guo Liyue, Song Yanjie, Gu Xian, Cen Yu, Meng Jie, Jiang Gaoming
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PeerJ. 2018 May 30;6:e4799. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4799. eCollection 2018.
This study compared the impacts of different weed managements on weed community, soil health and economic performance between the wheat-maize (WM) and garlic-soybean (GS) rotations. A total of four treatments (HT, tillage without herbicide; HT, without both herbicide and tillage; HT, both herbicide and tillage; HT, herbicide without tillage) were designed for both rotations. A total of 16 weed species were recorded in the WM rotation, with life forms of 62% for annuals, 12% for annual + perennial and 20% for perennials. While in the GS rotation, there were 17 weed species, with 71% being annuals. When crop rotation changed from WM to GS, the topsoil layer seed bank (0-5 cm) decreased by 137%. GS rotation always had higher earthworm densities than that of WM under the same condition. Organic weed control (HT, HT) from both WM and GS added more soil organic matters than the chemical methods (HT and HT). Economically, up to 69% higher net profit had been achieved in the GS than WM for their organic products. This study provides an ecological basis to guide organic farming practices, especially for weed management in the future.
本研究比较了不同杂草管理措施对小麦-玉米（WM）轮作和大蒜-大豆（GS）轮作中杂草群落、土壤健康及经济表现的影响。两种轮作方式均设计了四种处理（HT，不使用除草剂的耕作；HT，既不使用除草剂也不进行耕作；HT，同时使用除草剂和进行耕作；HT，使用除草剂但不进行耕作）。在WM轮作中总共记录了16种杂草物种，一年生杂草的生活型占62%，一年生+多年生杂草占12%，多年生杂草占20%。而在GS轮作中，有17种杂草物种，其中一年生杂草占71%。当作物轮作从WM变为GS时，表层土壤种子库（0-5厘米）减少了137%。在相同条件下，GS轮作的蚯蚓密度始终高于WM轮作。WM和GS轮作中的有机杂草控制措施（HT、HT）比化学方法（HT和HT）增加了更多的土壤有机质。在经济方面，GS轮作的有机产品净利润比WM轮作高出69%。本研究为指导有机农业实践，尤其是未来的杂草管理提供了生态依据。
