State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2018 Oct;39(20):e1800141. doi: 10.1002/marc.201800141. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
High strength and high modulus polyimide (HSHMPI) fibers are a type of novel high-performance organic fiber with an initial modulus higher than 90 GPa and extremely high tensile strength over 2.5 GPa realizing broad applications in the fields of electronic, engineering, aerospace, and atomic energy industries. There are currently two synthetic pathways, i.e., one-step and two-step methods, developed for the manufacture of HSHMPI fibers. An integrated fabrication process involving wet-spinning followed by thermal imidization is accepted as a typical two-step synthetic route for industrialization of HSHMPI fibers. In this article, the classification, synthetic method and technology, molecular structure, morphology, microstructures, and properties of HSHMPI fibers are summarized extensively. The effects of molecular structure and synthetic technology on the microstructures and overall performance of HSHMPI fibers are discussed. In addition, the trend in development and the application prospect of HSHMPI fibers are analyzed accordingly.
高强度高模量聚酰亚胺（HSHMPI）纤维是一种新型高性能有机纤维，其初始模量高于 90GPa，拉伸强度超过 2.5GPa，广泛应用于电子、工程、航空航天和原子能等领域。目前，已经开发出两种制造 HSHMPI 纤维的合成途径，即一步法和两步法。湿法纺丝后进行热亚胺化的集成制造工艺被认为是 HSHMPI 纤维工业化的典型两步法合成路线。本文全面总结了 HSHMPI 纤维的分类、合成方法和技术、分子结构、形态、微观结构和性能。讨论了分子结构和合成技术对 HSHMPI 纤维微观结构和整体性能的影响。此外，还分析了 HSHMPI 纤维的发展趋势和应用前景。
