Shao Dongyan, Xu Changhai, Wang Hongbo, Du Jinmei
Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214122, China.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Jan 22;12(3):347. doi: 10.3390/ma12030347.
Polyimide (PI) fibers have outstanding thermal stability and mechanical properties, but are difficult to dye with disperse and basic dyes. In this work, it was proposed to use N-methylformanilide (MFA), phenoxyisopropanol (PIP), and acetophenone (AP) as swelling agents to enhance the dyeability of PI fibers. The PI fibers treated with swelling agents were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electronic microscopy, tensile testing, and crystalline analysis. It was found that the swelling agents penetrated into the PI fibers in amounts greater than 10% (pertaining to the weight of PI fibers). The swelling agents did not really swell the PI fibers, but broke the interaction forces between the PI macromolecules. With the assistance of swelling agent, the PI fibers could be dyed with disperse and basic dyes in strong color strengths. AP exhibited the best performance for enhancing the dyeability of PI fibers, followed by MFA and PIP. The dyed PI fibers were found to have good colorfastness to washing.
聚酰亚胺（PI）纤维具有出色的热稳定性和机械性能，但难以用分散染料和碱性染料染色。在这项工作中，有人提议使用N-甲基甲酰苯胺（MFA）、苯氧基异丙醇（PIP）和苯乙酮（AP）作为溶胀剂来提高PI纤维的可染性。用热重分析、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸试验和晶体分析对经溶胀剂处理的PI纤维进行了表征。结果发现，溶胀剂渗入PI纤维的量大于10%（相对于PI纤维的重量）。溶胀剂并没有真正使PI纤维溶胀，而是破坏了PI大分子之间的相互作用力。在溶胀剂的辅助下，PI纤维可用分散染料和碱性染料染出高色强度的颜色。AP在提高PI纤维可染性方面表现最佳，其次是MFA和PIP。发现染色后的PI纤维具有良好的耐洗色牢度。
