Chan Esther
Yale University, USA.
Public Underst Sci. 2018 Nov;27(8):967-984. doi: 10.1177/0963662518781231. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
Are the religious suspicious of science? Drawing on data from 52 nations in the World Values Survey (wave 6) ( N = 58,474), I utilize multilevel models to examine the relationship between religiosity, religious context, and five different orientations towards science: confidence in science, trust in scientific authority under conditions of conflict with religion, faith in science, views on the moral effects of science, and interest in scientific knowledge. Results show that while religiosity is on average negatively associated with the five outcomes, the relationship between religiosity and orientations towards science varies by country such that religiosity is sometimes positively associated with the different outcomes. Religiosity is only consistently negatively associated with trust in scientific authority in all countries and with all orientations towards science in western countries. Finally, differences in orientations towards science also exist across country religious contexts, with countries dominated by the unaffiliated having more positive orientations towards science.
宗教人士是否对科学持怀疑态度？利用世界价值观调查（第6波）中52个国家的数据（N = 58,474），我运用多层次模型来研究宗教虔诚度、宗教背景与对科学的五种不同态度之间的关系：对科学的信心、在与宗教冲突情况下对科学权威的信任、对科学的信仰、对科学道德影响的看法以及对科学知识的兴趣。结果表明，虽然宗教虔诚度平均而言与这五个结果呈负相关，但宗教虔诚度与对科学的态度之间的关系因国家而异，以至于宗教虔诚度有时与不同结果呈正相关。在所有国家，宗教虔诚度仅始终与对科学权威的信任呈负相关，在西方国家，宗教虔诚度与对科学的所有态度均呈负相关。最后，在不同国家的宗教背景下，对科学的态度也存在差异，以无宗教信仰者为主的国家对科学的态度更为积极。
