Gamberi Tania, Magherini Francesca, Fiaschi Tania, Modesti Pietro A, Gulisano Massimo, Marella Mario, Bosi Paolo, Spicuglia Paolo, Radini Marta, Modesti Alessandra
Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Jun;59(6):975-981. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08438-4. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Several authors reported evidences for postactivation potentiation (PAP) but so far, few studies suggested suitable methods for use it to improve performance. On the other hand, it is well known that a fatiguing exercise can leads to a temporary imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their disposal. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the effects on performance and plasma oxidative stress of a specific program of conditioning in replacement of traditional sequences of warm-up.
We proposed a protocol of specific conditioning exercises and the effect on performance is evaluated by measuring leg power using the counter movement jump performed at different time after the protocol in athletes trained for different sports. Moreover, we measured the antioxidant capacity and the plasma levels of reactive oxygen metabolites before and at different times after the conditioning.
Considering the evaluation of explosive force of athletes subdivided for the different sports we noticed that the swimmer and tennis players do not show a significant improvement in it after conditioning while the soccer and rugby players shown a significant prolongation of the effect. Moreover, the analysis of oxidative stress shows that it is not influenced by the PAP protocol used.
We can conclude that our specific protocol seems effective in improving performance in athletes who used training methods able to affect their explosive strength like soccer players. On the contrary, in our proposed program this effect seems to be less evident in athletes who used resistance-training programs.
几位作者报告了激活后增强（PAP）的证据，但到目前为止，很少有研究提出使用它来提高运动表现的合适方法。另一方面，众所周知，疲劳运动会导致活性氧（ROS）产生与清除之间的暂时失衡。我们研究的目的是评估一种特定的训练方案对运动表现和血浆氧化应激的影响，以替代传统的热身序列。
我们提出了一个特定的训练练习方案，并通过在方案实施后的不同时间测量运动员进行反向纵跳的腿部力量来评估其对运动表现的影响，这些运动员来自不同运动项目。此外，我们在训练前和训练后的不同时间测量了抗氧化能力和活性氧代谢产物的血浆水平。
考虑到对按不同运动项目细分的运动员爆发力的评估，我们注意到游泳运动员和网球运动员在训练后其爆发力没有显著提高，而足球和橄榄球运动员的效果则有显著延长。此外，氧化应激分析表明，它不受所使用的PAP方案的影响。
我们可以得出结论，我们的特定方案似乎对那些使用能够影响其爆发力的训练方法的运动员（如足球运动员）提高运动表现有效。相反，在我们提出的方案中，这种效果在使用阻力训练方案的运动员中似乎不太明显。
