From the Department of Radiology, Ressalta Health Time Group, Hospital Cruz Roja, Avenida Paseo de la Victoria s/n, Córdoba 14004, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colo (D.V.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (S.B., C.A.R.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (K.W.C.); and MRI Section, Health Time, Jaén, Spain, and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (A.L.).
Radiographics. 2018 Jul-Aug;38(4):997-1021. doi: 10.1148/rg.2018170136. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
The term vasculitis includes a variable group of entities in which the common characteristic is inflammation of the walls of blood vessels occurring at some time during the course of the disease. The vasculitides can be divided into primary and secondary vasculitides, depending on the etiology and according to the size of the vessel affected. Both primary vasculitis and secondary vasculitis are associated with cardiac morbidity that is often subclinical. Cardiac involvement is associated with prognostic implications and higher rates of related mortality. Vasculitis of cardiac structures and the assessment of disease extent are important for appropriate management and selection of treatment. Although echocardiography, radionuclide imaging, and catheter-directed coronary angiography remain the cornerstones of cardiac imaging, cardiac computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can offer a 360° assessment of cardiac anatomy, function, and complications secondary to vasculitis. Postoperative complications, which are more frequent in patients with active disease, can also be depicted with those imaging modalities. A multidisciplinary approach is important to yield an appropriate estimate of the disease activity and extent and, therefore, to enable better treatment selection and monitoring. Online supplemental material is available for this article. RSNA, 2018.
血管炎包括一组不同的疾病实体，其共同特征是在疾病过程中的某个时间发生血管壁炎症。血管炎可分为原发性和继发性血管炎，这取决于病因和受累血管的大小。原发性血管炎和继发性血管炎均与心脏发病率相关，且常为亚临床症状。心脏受累与预后相关，且相关死亡率更高。心脏结构的血管炎和疾病程度的评估对于适当的管理和治疗选择很重要。尽管超声心动图、放射性核素成像和导管引导的冠状动脉造影仍然是心脏成像的基石，但心脏计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像可以提供心脏解剖、功能和血管炎继发并发症的 360°评估。术后并发症在活动性疾病患者中更为常见，这些影像学方式也可以显示这些并发症。多学科方法对于准确评估疾病活动度和程度非常重要，从而能够更好地选择治疗和监测。本文提供在线补充材料。RSNA，2018。
