Interventional Cardiology Division, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Internal Medicine, Addiction Unit, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.
Int J Cardiol. 2018 Aug 15;265:195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.137.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection affects 36.7 million people worldwide, it accounted for 1.1 million deaths in 2015. The advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been associated with a decrease in HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, there are increasing concerns about long-lasting effects of chronic inflammation and immune activation, leading to premature aging and HIV-related mortality. Cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary artery disease, are among the leading causes of death in HIV-infected patients, accounting for up to 15% of total deaths in high income countries. Furthermore, as cART availability expands to low-income countries, the burden of cardiovascular related mortality is likely to rise. Hence, over the next decade HIV-associated cardiovascular disease burden is expected to increase globally. In this review, we summarize our understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with HIV infection and cardiovascular disease, in particular coronary artery disease.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染影响全球 3670 万人，2015 年造成 110 万人死亡。联合抗逆转录病毒疗法（cART）的出现降低了与 HIV 相关的发病率和死亡率。然而，人们越来越担心慢性炎症和免疫激活的长期影响，这会导致过早衰老和与 HIV 相关的死亡。心血管疾病，尤其是冠状动脉疾病，是 HIV 感染者死亡的主要原因之一，在高收入国家占总死亡人数的 15%。此外，随着 cART 在低收入国家的普及，心血管相关死亡率的负担可能会增加。因此，在未来十年中，全球与 HIV 相关的心血管疾病负担预计将会增加。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们对与 HIV 感染和心血管疾病相关的发病机制和危险因素的理解，特别是冠状动脉疾病。
