Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Molecules. 2018 Jun 11;23(6):1408. doi: 10.3390/molecules23061408.
Large amounts of residues are produced in the food industries. The waste shells from cocoa processing are usually burnt for fuel or used as a mulch in gardens to add nutrients to soil and to suppress weeds. The objectives of this work were: (a) to separate valuable compounds from cocoa shell by applying sustainable green separation process—subcritical water extraction (SWE); (b) identification and quantification of active compounds, sugars and sugar degradation products in obtained extracts using HPLC; (c) characterization of the antioxidant activity of extracts; (d) optimization of separation process using response surface methodology (RSM). Depending on applied extraction conditions, different concentration of theobromine, caffeine, theophylline, epicatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid and gallic acid were determined in the extracts obtained by subcritical water. Furthermore, mannose, glucose, xylose, arabinose, rhamnose and fucose were detected as well as their important degradation products such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), furfural, levulinic acid, lactic acid and formic acid.
食品工业会产生大量的残渣。可可加工过程中产生的废料壳通常被燃烧用作燃料，或用于花园覆盖物，以向土壤中添加养分并抑制杂草。这项工作的目的是：（a）通过应用可持续的绿色分离工艺——亚临界水提取（SWE）从可可壳中分离有价值的化合物；（b）使用 HPLC 鉴定和定量获得的提取物中的活性化合物、糖和糖降解产物；（c）提取物抗氧化活性的表征；（d）通过响应面法（RSM）优化分离过程。根据应用的提取条件，通过亚临界水获得的提取物中测定了不同浓度的可可因、咖啡因、茶碱、表儿茶素、儿茶素、绿原酸和没食子酸。此外，还检测到了甘露糖、葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖和岩藻糖以及它们的重要降解产物，如 5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）、糠醛、乙酰丙酸、乳酸和甲酸。
