The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland.
Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington.
Am J Epidemiol. 2018 Oct 1;187(10):2136-2144. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy112.
Recent reports suggest US military service members who deployed in support of the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have higher rates of new-onset asthma than those who did not deploy. However, it is unknown whether combat experiences, in addition to deployment, contribute to new-onset asthma risk. This study aimed to longitudinally determine the risk factors for developing asthma, including combat deployment (categorized as deployed with combat experience, deployed without combat experience, or nondeployed), among participants in the Millennium Cohort Study from 2001 to 2013. A total of 75,770 participants completed a baseline survey and at least 1 triennial follow-up survey on deployment experiences, lifestyle characteristics, and health outcomes. Complementary log-log models stratified by sex were used to estimate the relative risk of developing asthma among participants who reported no history of asthma at baseline. In models with adjustments, those who deployed with combat experience were 24%-30% more likely to develop asthma than those who did not deploy. Deployed personnel without combat experience were not at a higher risk for new-onset asthma compared with nondeployers. Further research is needed to identify specific features of combat that are associated with greater asthma risk to inform prevention strategies.
最近的报告表明，在伊拉克和阿富汗最近的冲突中部署的美国军人患新发哮喘的比率高于未部署的军人。然而，尚不清楚除部署外，战斗经历是否会导致新发哮喘的风险增加。本研究旨在通过 2001 年至 2013 年期间参加千禧年队列研究的参与者，从纵向确定包括战斗部署（分为有战斗经验的部署、无战斗经验的部署和未部署）在内的新发哮喘的危险因素。共有 75770 名参与者完成了基线调查和至少 1 次关于部署经历、生活方式特征和健康结果的三年一次的随访调查。按性别分层的互补对数-对数模型用于估计报告基线时无哮喘史的参与者中哮喘发病的相对风险。在调整后的模型中，有战斗经验的部署人员比未部署的人员患哮喘的可能性高 24%-30%。无战斗经验的部署人员与非部署人员相比，新发哮喘的风险没有增加。需要进一步研究以确定与更高哮喘风险相关的战斗的具体特征，以为预防策略提供信息。
