Andrade Patrícia Amaro, Santos Carolina Araújo Dos, Firmino Heloísa Helena, Rosa Carla de Oliveira Barbosa
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Hospital São Sebastião, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2018 Jun 7;16(2):eAO4189. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082018AO4189.
To determine frequency of dysphagia risk and associated factors in hospitalized patients as well as to evaluate nutritional status by using different methods and correlate the status with scores of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10).
This was a cross-sectional study including 909 inpatients of a philanthropic hospital. For the diagnosis of dysphagia we used an adapted and validated Brazilian version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). The nutritional status was evaluated through the subjective global assessment, and anthropometric measurements included weight, calf and arm circumference, and knee height. The Mann-Whitney test, associations using the Pearson's χ2 and Spearman's correlation were used to verify differences between the groups.
The prevalence of dysphagia risk was 10.5%, and aging was the associated factor with this condition. Patients at risk presented lower values of arm and calf circumference, variables that correlated inversely with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) score. Malnutrition was observed in 13.2% of patients based on the subjective global assessment and in 15.2% based on the Body Mass Index.
Screening for dysphagia and malnutrition should be introduced in hospitals routine to avoid or minimize damages caused by dysphagia or malnutrition, especially among older people.
确定住院患者吞咽困难风险的发生率及相关因素，并用不同方法评估营养状况，将该状况与饮食评估工具（EAT - 10）得分相关联。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了一家慈善医院的909名住院患者。对于吞咽困难的诊断，我们使用了经过改编和验证的巴西版饮食评估工具（EAT - 10）。通过主观全面评定法评估营养状况，人体测量指标包括体重、小腿和上臂围以及膝高。采用曼 - 惠特尼检验、Pearson卡方检验和Spearman相关性分析来验证组间差异。
吞咽困难风险的患病率为10.5%，年龄增长是与此状况相关的因素。有风险的患者上臂和小腿围值较低，这些变量与饮食评估工具（EAT - 10）得分呈负相关。根据主观全面评定法，13.2%的患者存在营养不良，根据体重指数则为15.2%。
医院常规工作中应开展吞咽困难和营养不良筛查，以避免或最小化吞咽困难或营养不良造成的损害，尤其是在老年人中。
