Bassi Daiane, Furkim Ana Maria, Silva Cristiane Alves, Coelho Mara Sérgia Pacheco Honório, Rolim Maria Rita Pimenta, Alencar Maria Luiza Aires de, Machado Marcos José
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Fundação Catarinense de Educação Especial, São José, SC, Brazil.
Codas. 2014 Jan-Feb;26(1):17-27.
To identify risk groups for oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospitalized patients in a university hospital.
The study was design as an exploratory cross-sectional with quantitative data analysis. The researched population consisted of 32 patients admitted to the medical clinic at the university hospital. Patient history data were collected, followed by a universal swallowing screening which included functional feeding assessment, to observe clinical signs and symptoms of dysphagia, and assessment of nutritional status through anthropometric data and laboratory tests.
Of the total sample, the majority of patients was male over 60 years. The most common comorbidities related to patients with signs and symptoms of dysphagia were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, systemic arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction. The food consistency that showed higher presence of clinical signs of aspiration was pudding and the predominant sign was wet voice.
There is a high incidence of risk for oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospitalized patients and an even higher rate of hospitalized patients with nutritional deficits or already malnourished. Hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure and patients with xerostomia were indicated as risk group for oropharyngeal dysphagia.
确定某大学医院住院患者口咽吞咽困难的风险群体。
本研究设计为探索性横断面研究并进行定量数据分析。研究人群包括32名入住该大学医院内科门诊的患者。收集患者病史数据，随后进行全面吞咽筛查，包括功能进食评估，以观察吞咽困难的临床体征和症状，并通过人体测量数据和实验室检查评估营养状况。
在总样本中，大多数患者为60岁以上男性。与有吞咽困难体征和症状的患者相关的最常见合并症为慢性阻塞性肺疾病、系统性动脉高血压、充血性心力衰竭、糖尿病和急性心肌梗死。显示有较高误吸临床体征的食物质地是布丁，主要体征是声音湿润。
住院患者口咽吞咽困难的风险发生率很高，营养缺乏或已营养不良的住院患者比例更高。患有呼吸系统疾病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、充血性心力衰竭的住院患者以及口干患者被确定为口咽吞咽困难的风险群体。
